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This paper proposes a simple and flexible storage model for use in a variety of multi-period optimal power flow problems. The proposed model is designed for research use in a broad assortment of contexts enabled by the following key…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-01 Frederik Geth , Carleton Coffrin , David M Fobes

Though considerable effort has been devoted to exploiting generation-side and demand-side operational flexibility in order to cope with uncertain renewable generations, grid-side operational flexibility has not been fully investigated. In…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-06-08 Jia Li , Feng Liu , Zuyi Li , Chengcheng Shao , Xinyuan Liu

The increasing penetration of volatile renewables combined with increasing demands poses a challenge to modern power grids. Furthermore, distributed energy resources and flexible devices (electric vehicles, PV generation, ...) are becoming…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-04-01 Emrah Öztürk , Kevin Kaspar , Timm Faulwasser , Karl Worthmann , Peter Kepplinger , Klaus Rheinberger

It is now well known that flexibility of energy consumption can be harnessed for the purposes of grid-level ancillary services. In particular, through distributed control of a collection of loads, a balancing authority regulation signal can…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2016-09-02 Yue Chen , Ana Bušić , Sean Meyn

As the proportion of total power supplied by renewable sources increases, it gets more costly to use reserve generation to compensate for the variability of renewables like solar and wind. Hence attention has been drawn to exploiting…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2014-08-26 Ashutosh Nayyar , Matias Negrete-Pincetic , Kameshwar Poolla , Pravin Varaiya

Real-time quantification of residential building energy flexibility is needed to enable a cost-efficient operation of active distribution grids. A promising means is to use the so-called flexibility envelope concept to represent the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-16 Nami Hekmat , Hanmin Cai , Thierry Zufferey , Gabriela Hug , Philipp Heer

Higher penetration of renewable generation will increase the demand for adequate (and cost-effective) controllable resources on the grid that can mitigate and contain the contingencies locally before it can cause a network-wide collapse.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-06-08 Sai Pushpak Nandanoori , Soumya Kundu , Draguna Vrabie , Karan Kalsi , Jianming Lian

We investigate the ability of a homogeneous collection of deferrable energy loads to behave as a battery; that is, to absorb and release energy in a controllable fashion up to fixed and predetermined limits on volume, charge rate and…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2016-10-07 Daria Madjidian , Mardavij Roozbehani , Munther A. Dahleh

Load balancing between adjacent base stations (BSs) is important for balancing load distributions and improving service provisioning. Whilst load balancing between any given pair of BSs is beneficial, cascade load sharing can cause network…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2019-02-27 Giannis Moutsinas , Weisi Guo

The increasing penetration of inverter-based renewable generation has significantly reduced system inertia, making modern power grids more vulnerable to rapid frequency deviations following disturbances. While a wide range of flexible…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-18 Xiaojie Tao , Rajit Gadh

While electric vehicles (EVs) often exhibit substantial flexibility, harnessing this flexibility requires precise characterization of its timing and magnitude. This paper introduces the reduction potential matrix, a novel approach to EV…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-16 Polina Alexeenko , Matthew Bruchon , Jesse Bennett

The increasing integration of distributed energy resources (DER) offers new opportunities for distribution system operators (DSO) to improve network operation through flexibility services. To utilise flexible resources, various DER…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-09 Andrey Churkin , Wangwei Kong , Pierluigi Mancarella , Eduardo A. Martínez Ceseña

To respond to volatility and congestion in the power grid, demand response (DR) mechanisms allow for shaping the load compared to a base load profile. When tapping on a large population of heterogeneous appliances as a DR resource, the…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2014-04-09 Mahnoosh Alizadeh , Anna Scaglione , Andy Applebaum , George Kesidis , Karl Levitt

Given the complexity of power systems, particularly the high-dimensional variability of net loads, accurately depicting the entire operational range of net loads poses a challenge. To address this, recent methodologies have sought to gauge…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-07-23 Xinyi Zhao , Lei Fan , Fei Ding , Weijia Liu , Chaoyue Zhao

Modern power systems are facing the tremendous challenge of integrating vast amounts of variable (non-dispatchable) renewable generation capacity, such as solar photovoltaic or wind power. In this context, the required power system…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-08-30 Oriol Gomis-Bellmunt , Saman Dadjo Tavakoli , Vinicius A. Lacerda , Eduardo Prieto-Araujo

Data centers (DCs) are increasingly recognized as flexible loads that can support grid frequency regulation. Yet, most existing methods treat workload scheduling and regulation capacity bidding separately, overlooking how queueing dynamics…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-03 Yingrui Fan , Junbo Zhao

The collective strength of a system of fibers, each having a failure threshold drawn randomly from a distribution, indicates the maximum load carrying capacity of different disordered systems ranging from disordered solids, power-grid…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-11-03 Soumyajyoti Biswas , Parongama Sen

Motivated by the increasing need to hedge against load and generation uncertainty in the operation of power grids, we propose flexibility maximization during operation. We consider flexibility explicitly as the amount of uncertainty that…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-01-27 Aron Zingler , Stephane Fliscounakis , Patrick Panciatici , Alexander Mitsos

The need for flexibility and curtailable resources is crucial for ensuring the healthy operation of future distribution networks (DN). In this work, we propose a network-state driven framework that distribution system operators (DSOs) can…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-18 Md Umar Hashmi , Arpan Koirala , Hakan Ergun , Dirk Van Hertem

Bundling a large number of distributed energy resources through a load aggregator has been advocated as an effective means to integrate such resources into whole-sale energy markets. To ease market clearing, system operators allow…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-31 Sina Taheri , Vassilis Kekatos , Harsha Veeramachaneni , Baosen Zhang