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Processing-in-Memory (PIM) enhances memory with computational capabilities, potentially solving energy and latency issues associated with data transfer between memory and processors. However, managing concurrent computation and data flow…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Ahmed Mamdouh , Haoran Geng , Michael Niemier , Xiaobo Sharon Hu , Dayane Reis

Emerging ReRAM-based accelerators process neural networks via analog Computing-in-Memory (CiM) for ultra-high energy efficiency. However, significant overhead in peripheral circuits and complex nonlinear activation modes constrain system…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Peng Dang , Huawei Li , Wei Wang

Processing-in-memory (PIM) is a promising computing paradigm to tackle the "memory wall" challenge. However, PIM system-level benefits over traditional von Neumann architecture can be reduced when the memory array cannot fully store all the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Peilin Chen , Xiaoxuan Yang

This research work proposes a design of an analog ReRAM-based PIM (processing-in-memory) architecture for fast and efficient CNN (convolutional neural network) inference. For the overall architecture, we use the basic hardware hierarchy…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-04-13 Sho Ko , Shimeng Yu

Designing lightweight convolutional neural network (CNN) models is an active research area in edge AI. Compute-in-memory (CIM) provides a new computing paradigm to alleviate time and energy consumption caused by data transfer in von Neumann…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Wenyong Zhou , Yuan Ren , Jiajun Zhou , Tianshu Hou , Ngai Wong

Data movement in memory-intensive workloads, such as deep learning, incurs energy costs that are over three orders of magnitude higher than the cost of computation. Since these workloads involve frequent data transfers between memory and…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Bahareh Khabbazan , Marc Riera , Antonio González

The performance and efficiency of running large-scale datasets on traditional computing systems exhibit critical bottlenecks due to the existing "power wall" and "memory wall" problems. To resolve those problems, processing-in-memory (PIM)…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-04-22 Yinglin Zhao , Jianlei Yang , Bing Li , Xingzhou Cheng , Xucheng Ye , Xueyan Wang , Xiaotao Jia , Zhaohao Wang , Youguang Zhang , Weisheng Zhao

SRAM Processing-in-Memory (PIM) has emerged as the most promising implementation for high-performance PIM, delivering superior computing density, energy efficiency, and computational precision. However, the pursuit of higher performance…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Yuanpeng Zhang , Xing Hu , Xi Chen , Zhihang Yuan , Cong Li , Jingchen Zhu , Zhao Wang , Chenguang Zhang , Xin Si , Wei Gao , Qiang Wu , Runsheng Wang , Guangyu Sun

Processing-in-memory (PIM) is a transformative architectural paradigm designed to overcome the Von Neumann bottleneck. Among PIM architectures, digital SRAM-PIM emerges as a promising solution, offering significant advantages by directly…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Cenlin Duan , Jianlei Yang , Yikun Wang , Yiou Wang , Yingjie Qi , Xiaolin He , Bonan Yan , Xueyan Wang , Xiaotao Jia , Weisheng Zhao

Modern computing systems suffer from the dichotomy between computation on one side, which is performed only in the processor (and accelerators), and data storage/movement on the other, which all other parts of the system are dedicated to.…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-05-14 Onur Mutlu , Saugata Ghose , Juan Gómez-Luna , Rachata Ausavarungnirun

The computing wall and data movement challenges of deep neural networks (DNNs) have exposed the limitations of conventional CMOS-based DNN accelerators. Furthermore, the deep structure and large model size will make DNNs prohibitive to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-12-12 Geng Yuan , Xiaolong Ma , Sheng Lin , Zhengang Li , Caiwen Ding

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have transformed the field of machine learning and are widely deployed in many applications involving image, video, speech and natural language processing. The increasing compute demands of DNNs have been widely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-17 Sourjya Roy , Mustafa Ali , Anand Raghunathan

Computing-in-memory (CIM) is renowned in deep learning due to its high energy efficiency resulting from highly parallel computing with minimal data movement. However, current SRAM-based CIM designs suffer from long latency for loading…

Processing-in-cache (PiC) and Processing-in-memory (PiM) architectures, especially those utilizing bit-line computing, offer promising solutions to mitigate data movement bottlenecks within the memory hierarchy. While previous studies have…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Dhruv Gajaria , Tosiron Adegbija , Kevin Gomez

The integration of spiking neural networks (SNNs) with transformer-based architectures has opened new opportunities for bio-inspired low-power, event-driven visual reasoning on edge devices. However, the high temporal resolution and binary…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Tamoghno Das , Khanh Phan Vu , Hanning Chen , Hyunwoo Oh , Mohsen Imani

Approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS) is essential for applications like recommendation systems and retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) but is highly I/O-intensive and memory-demanding. CPUs face I/O bottlenecks, while GPUs are…

Performance · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Mingkai Chen , Tianhua Han , Cheng Liu , Shengwen Liang , Kuai Yu , Lei Dai , Ziming Yuan , Ying Wang , Lei Zhang , Huawei Li , Xiaowei Li

Computation-in-Memory (CiM) is attracting attention as a technology that can perform MAC calculations required for AI accelerators, at high speed with low power consumption. However, there is a problem regarding power consumption and…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Fuyuki Kihara , Seiji Uenohara , Satoshi Awamura , Naoko Misawa , Chihiro Matsui , Ken Takeuchi

In-memory database query processing frequently involves substantial data transfers between the CPU and memory, leading to inefficiencies due to Von Neumann bottleneck. Processing-in-Memory (PIM) architectures offer a viable solution to…

Bit-level sparsity in neural network models harbors immense untapped potential. Eliminating redundant calculations of randomly distributed zero-bits significantly boosts computational efficiency. Yet, traditional digital SRAM-PIM…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Cenlin Duan , Jianlei Yang , Yiou Wang , Yikun Wang , Yingjie Qi , Xiaolin He , Bonan Yan , Xueyan Wang , Xiaotao Jia , Weisheng Zhao

The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has revolutionized various aspects of human life, yet their immense computational and energy demands pose significant challenges for efficient inference. The memory wall, the growing…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Hongyi Li , Songchen Ma , Huanyu Qu , Weihao Zhang , Jia Chen , Junfeng Lin , Fengbin Tu , Rong Zhao