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This paper highlights the significance of natural language processing (NLP) within artificial intelligence, underscoring its pivotal role in comprehending and modeling human language. Recent advancements in NLP, particularly in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Vlad-Cristian Matei , Iulian-Marius Tăiatu , Răzvan-Alexandru Smădu , Dumitru-Clementin Cercel

In this work, we present a hybrid learning method for training task-oriented dialogue systems through online user interactions. Popular methods for learning task-oriented dialogues include applying reinforcement learning with user feedback…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-04-19 Bing Liu , Gokhan Tur , Dilek Hakkani-Tur , Pararth Shah , Larry Heck

Neural machine translation systems tend to fail on less decent inputs despite its significant efficacy, which may significantly harm the credibility of this systems-fathoming how and when neural-based systems fail in such cases is critical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-27 Wei Zou , Shujian Huang , Jun Xie , Xinyu Dai , Jiajun Chen

This paper proposes an approach for applying GANs to NMT. We build a conditional sequence generative adversarial net which comprises of two adversarial sub models, a generator and a discriminator. The generator aims to generate sentences…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-04-10 Zhen Yang , Wei Chen , Feng Wang , Bo Xu

Recent studies demonstrated that large language models (LLMs) can excel in many tasks via in-context learning (ICL). However, recent works show that ICL-prompted models tend to produce inaccurate results when presented with adversarial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Xuanli He , Yuxiang Wu , Oana-Maria Camburu , Pasquale Minervini , Pontus Stenetorp

While recent works have been considerably improving the quality of the natural language explanations (NLEs) generated by a model to justify its predictions, there is very limited research in detecting and alleviating inconsistencies among…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Myeongjun Jang , Bodhisattwa Prasad Majumder , Julian McAuley , Thomas Lukasiewicz , Oana-Maria Camburu

Natural language generators for task-oriented dialog should be able to vary the style of the output utterance while still effectively realizing the system dialog actions and their associated semantics. While the use of neural generation for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-06 Shereen Oraby , Lena Reed , Sharath TS , Shubhangi Tandon , Marilyn Walker

This paper introduces TRUncated ReinForcement Learning for Language (TrufLL), an original ap-proach to train conditional language models from scratch by only using reinforcement learning (RL). AsRL methods unsuccessfully scale to large…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-09-21 Alice Martin Donati , Guillaume Quispe , Charles Ollion , Sylvain Le Corff , Florian Strub , Olivier Pietquin

The Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) has achieved great success in generating realistic (real-valued) synthetic data. However, convergence issues and difficulties dealing with discrete data hinder the applicability of GAN to text. We…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-11-21 Yizhe Zhang , Zhe Gan , Kai Fan , Zhi Chen , Ricardo Henao , Dinghan Shen , Lawrence Carin

Despite numerous successes, the field of reinforcement learning (RL) remains far from matching the impressive generalisation power of human behaviour learning. One possible way to help bridge this gap be to provide RL agents with richer,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-11 Sabrina McCallum , Max Taylor-Davies , Stefano V. Albrecht , Alessandro Suglia

Self-supervised learning approach like contrastive learning is attached great attention in natural language processing. It uses pairs of training data augmentations to build a classification task for an encoder with well representation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-03 Deshui Miao , Jiaqi Zhang , Wenbo Xie , Jian Song , Xin Li , Lijuan Jia , Ning Guo

Large Language Models (LLMs) are vulnerable to jailbreaking attacks that lead to generation of inappropriate or harmful content. Manual red-teaming requires a time-consuming search for adversarial prompts, whereas automatic adversarial…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Anselm Paulus , Arman Zharmagambetov , Chuan Guo , Brandon Amos , Yuandong Tian

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in natural language generation. However, their output quality can be inconsistent, posing challenges for generating natural language from logical forms (LFs). This task…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-22 Levon Haroutunian , Zhuang Li , Lucian Galescu , Philip Cohen , Raj Tumuluri , Gholamreza Haffari

Dialog policies, which determine a system's action based on the current state at each dialog turn, are crucial to the success of the dialog. In recent years, reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a promising option for dialog policy…

Current approaches to Natural Language Generation (NLG) for dialog mainly focus on domain-specific, task-oriented applications (e.g. restaurant booking) using limited ontologies (up to 20 slot types), usually without considering the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-25 Alessandra Cervone , Chandra Khatri , Rahul Goel , Behnam Hedayatnia , Anu Venkatesh , Dilek Hakkani-Tur , Raefer Gabriel

Achieving true human-like ability to conduct a conversation remains an elusive goal for open-ended dialogue systems. We posit this is because extant approaches towards natural language generation (NLG) are typically construed as end-to-end…

Precisely assessing the progress in natural language generation (NLG) tasks is challenging, and human evaluation to establish a preference in a model's output over another is often necessary. However, human evaluation is usually costly,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-10 Philippe Laban , Chien-Sheng Wu , Wenhao Liu , Caiming Xiong

Training generative adversarial networks requires balancing of delicate adversarial dynamics. Even with careful tuning, training may diverge or end up in a bad equilibrium with dropped modes. In this work, we improve CS-GAN with natural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-02 Yan Wu , Jeff Donahue , David Balduzzi , Karen Simonyan , Timothy Lillicrap

Adversarial training has been shown effective at endowing the learned representations with stronger generalization ability. However, it typically requires expensive computation to determine the direction of the injected perturbations. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-26 Dinghan Shen , Mingzhi Zheng , Yelong Shen , Yanru Qu , Weizhu Chen

The intelligibility of speech severely degrades in the presence of environmental noise and reverberation. In this paper, we propose a novel deep learning based system for modifying the speech signal to increase its intelligibility under the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-17 Haoyu Li , Junichi Yamagishi