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State-of-the-art recommendation algorithms -- especially the collaborative filtering (CF) based approaches with shallow or deep models -- usually work with various unstructured information sources for recommendation, such as textual…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2018-09-18 Yongfeng Zhang , Qingyao Ai , Xu Chen , Pengfei Wang

Retrieval-based conversation systems generally tend to highly rank responses that are semantically similar or even identical to the given conversation context. While the system's goal is to find the most appropriate response, rather than…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-10-09 Denis Fedorenko , Nikita Smetanin , Artem Rodichev

Filtered ANN search is an increasingly important problem in vector retrieval, yet systems face a difficult trade-off due to the execution order: Pre-filtering (filtering first, then ANN over the passing subset) requires expensive…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Zhuocheng Gan , Yifan Wang

We present ChatR1, a reasoning framework based on reinforcement learning (RL) for conversational question answering (CQA). Reasoning plays an important role in CQA, where user intent evolves across dialogue turns, and utterances are often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Simon Lupart , Mohammad Aliannejadi , Evangelos Kanoulas

Large Language Models (LLMs) have proven immensely beneficial in education by capturing vast amounts of literature-based information, allowing them to generate context without relying on external sources. In this paper, we propose a…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Umar Ali Khan , Ekram Khan , Fiza Khan , Athar Ali Moinuddin

Face Recognition (FR) has advanced significantly with the development of deep learning, achieving high accuracy in several applications. However, the lack of interpretability of these systems raises concerns about their accountability,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Ivan DeAndres-Tame , Muhammad Faisal , Ruben Tolosana , Rouqaiah Al-Refai , Ruben Vera-Rodriguez , Philipp Terhörst

Matching question-answer relations between two turns in conversations is not only the first step in analyzing dialogue structures, but also valuable for training dialogue systems. This paper presents a QA matching model considering both…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-18 Qi Jia , Mengxue Zhang , Shengyao Zhang , Kenny Q. Zhu

Conversational interfaces that allow for intuitive and comprehensive access to digitally stored information remain an ambitious goal. In this thesis, we lay foundations for designing conversational search systems by analyzing the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-12-17 Svitlana Vakulenko

Personal assistant systems, such as Apple Siri, Google Assistant, Amazon Alexa, and Microsoft Cortana, are becoming ever more widely used. Understanding user intent such as clarification questions, potential answers and user feedback in…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-02-06 Liu Yang , Minghui Qiu , Chen Qu , Cen Chen , Jiafeng Guo , Yongfeng Zhang , W. Bruce Croft , Haiqing Chen

While hallucinations of large language models could been alleviated through retrieval-augmented generation and citation generation, how the model utilizes internal knowledge is still opaque, and the trustworthiness of its generated answers…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Jiajun Shen , Tong Zhou , Yubo Chen , Delai Qiu , Shengping Liu , Kang Liu , Jun Zhao

Existing conversational models are handled by a database(DB) and API based systems. However, very often users' questions require information that cannot be handled by such systems. Nonetheless, answers to these questions are available in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-03 Raja Kumar

This article describes a novel approach to expand in run-time the knowledge base of an Artificial Conversational Agent. A technique for automatic knowledge extraction from the user's sentence and four methods to insert the new acquired…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-03-09 Lucrezia Grassi , Carmine Tommaso Recchiuto , Antonio Sgorbissa

Student commitment towards a learning recommendation is not separable from their understanding of the reasons it was recommended to them; and their ability to modify it based on that understanding. Among explainability approaches, chatbots…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-01-25 Hasan Abu-Rasheed , Mohamad Hussam Abdulsalam , Christian Weber , Madjid Fathi

Large language models have demonstrated impressive reasoning capabilities but are inherently limited by their knowledge reservoir. Retrieval-augmented reasoning mitigates this limitation by allowing LLMs to query external resources, but…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Yaorui Shi , Sihang Li , Chang Wu , Zhiyuan Liu , Junfeng Fang , Hengxing Cai , An Zhang , Xiang Wang

To build a conversational agent that interacts fluently with humans, previous studies blend knowledge or personal profile into the pre-trained language model. However, the model that considers knowledge and persona at the same time is still…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-09 Jungwoo Lim , Myunghoon Kang , Yuna Hur , Seungwon Jung , Jinsung Kim , Yoonna Jang , Dongyub Lee , Hyesung Ji , Donghoon Shin , Seungryong Kim , Heuiseok Lim

Knowledge Base, represents facts about the world, often in some form of subsumption ontology, rather than implicitly, embedded in procedural code, the way a conventional computer program does. While there is a rapid growth in knowledge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Sai Sharath Japa , Rekabdar Banafsheh

Knowledgeable FAQ chatbots are a valuable resource to any organization. While powerful and efficient retrieval-based models exist for English, it is rarely the case for other languages for which the same amount of training data is not…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-15 Maxime De Bruyn , Ehsan Lotfi , Jeska Buhmann , Walter Daelemans

Vision language models (VLMs) have achieved impressive progress in diverse applications, becoming a prevalent research direction. In this paper, we build FIRE, a feedback-refinement dataset, consisting of 1.1M multi-turn conversations that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Pengxiang Li , Zhi Gao , Bofei Zhang , Tao Yuan , Yuwei Wu , Mehrtash Harandi , Yunde Jia , Song-Chun Zhu , Qing Li

Large language models (LLMs) often struggle with context fidelity, producing inconsistent answers when responding to questions based on provided information. Existing approaches either rely on expensive supervised fine-tuning to generate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Suyuchen Wang , Jinlin Wang , Xinyu Wang , Shiqi Li , Xiangru Tang , Sirui Hong , Xiao-Wen Chang , Chenglin Wu , Bang Liu

Knowledge probing assesses to which degree a language model (LM) has successfully learned relational knowledge during pre-training. Probing is an inexpensive way to compare LMs of different sizes and training configurations. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-08 Jacek Wiland , Max Ploner , Alan Akbik