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In the last three decades, memory safety issues in system programming languages such as C or C++ have been one of the significant sources of security vulnerabilities. However, there exist only a few attempts with limited success to cope…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-07-05 Felipe R. Monteiro , Mikhail R. Gadelha , Lucas C. Cordeiro

The implementation of digital filters in processors based on fixed-point arithmetic can lead to problems related to the finite word-length. In particular, the processing of signals in such filters can produce overflows and unwanted noise…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2013-07-24 Renato B. Abreu , Lucas Cordeiro , Eddie B. L. Filho

This paper introduces ESBMC v7.3, the latest Efficient SMT-Based Context-Bounded Model Checker version, which now incorporates a new clang-based C++ front-end. While the previous CPROVER-based front-end served well for handling C++03…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-08-11 Kunjian Song , Mikhail R. Gadelha , Franz Brauße , Rafael S. Menezes , Lucas C. Cordeiro

Propositional bounded model checking has been applied successfully to verify embedded software but is limited by the increasing propositional formula size and the loss of structure during the translation. These limitations can be reduced by…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2009-07-14 Lucas Cordeiro , Bernd Fischer , Joao Marques-Silva

We extend the Stainless deductive verifier with floating-point support, providing the first automated verification support for floating-point numbers for a subset of Scala that includes polymorphism, recursion and higher-order functions. We…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Andrea Gilot , Axel Bergström , Eva Darulova

Satisfiability-based verification techniques, leveraging modern Boolean satisfiability (SAT) and Satisfiability Modulo Theories (SMT) solvers, have demonstrated efficacy in addressing practical problem instances within program analysis.…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Markus Krahl , Matthias Güdemann , Stefan Wallentowitz

We consider the problem of solving floating-point constraints obtained from software verification. We present UppSAT --- a new implementation of a systematic approximation refinement framework [ZWR17] as an abstract SMT solver. Provided…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-12-12 Aleksandar Zeljic , Peter Backeman , Christoph M. Wintersteiger , Philipp Ruemmer

This paper presents Efficient SMT-Based Context-Bounded Model Checker (ESBMC) v7.6, an extended version based on previous work on ESBMC v7.3 by K. Song et al. The v7.3 introduced a new Clang-based C++ front-end to address the challenges…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Xianzhiyu Li , Kunjian Song , Mikhail R. Gadelha , Franz Brauße , Rafael S. Menezes , Konstantin Korovin , Lucas C. Cordeiro

This paper introduces the 2019 version of \us{}, a novel Constraint Programming framework for floating point verification problems expressed with the SMT language of SMTLIB. SMT solvers decompose their task by delegating to specific…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-03-02 Heytem Zitoun , Claude Michel , Laurent Michel , Michel Rueher

This paper reports on our experiences with verifying automotive C code by state-of-the-art open source software model checkers. The embedded C code is automatically generated from Simulink open-loop controller models. Its diverse features…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-03-27 Lukas Westhofen , Philipp Berger , Joost-Pieter Katoen

This paper introduces a tool for verifying Python programs, which, using type annotation and front-end processing, can harness the capabilities of a bounded model-checking (BMC) pipeline. It transforms an input program into an abstract…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Bruno Farias , Rafael Menezes , Eddie B. de Lima Filho , Youcheng Sun , Lucas C. Cordeiro

The Efficient SMT-Based Context-Bounded Model Checker (ESBMC) has grown from a research prototype for verifying embedded ANSI-C software into one of the most versatile and industrially capable formal verification platforms available today.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Pierre Dantas , Lucas Cordeiro , Waldir Junior

Achieving high code coverage is essential in testing, which gives us confidence in code quality. Testing floating-point code usually requires painstaking efforts in handling floating-point constraints, e.g., in symbolic execution. This…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2017-04-17 Zhoulai Fu , Zhendong Su

Scientific computing programs often undergo aggressive compiler optimization to achieve high performance and efficient resource utilization. While performance is critical, we also need to ensure that these optimizations are correct. In this…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Mohit Tekriwal , John Sarracino

Program verification techniques typically focus on finding counter-examples that violate properties of a program. Constraint programming offers a convenient way to verify programs by modeling their state transformations and specifying…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-03-02 Heytem Zitoun , Claude Michel , Laurent Michel , Michel Rueher

Semiconductor companies have increasingly adopted a methodology that starts with a system-level design specification in C/C++/SystemC. This model is extensively simulated to ensure correct functionality and performance. Later, a Register…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2016-09-02 Rajdeep Mukherjee , Saurabh Joshi , Andreas Griesmayer , Daniel Kroening , Tom Melham

We consider the decision problem for quantifier-free formulas whose atoms are linear inequalities interpreted over the reals or rationals. This problem may be decided using satisfiability modulo theory (SMT), using a mixture of a SAT solver…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2009-04-23 David Monniaux

Many state-of-the-art Satisfiability Modulo Theories (SMT) solvers for the theory of fixed-size bit-vectors employ an approach called bit-blasting, where a given formula is translated into a Boolean satisfiability (SAT) problem and…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-07-04 Alex Ozdemir , Aina Niemetz , Mathias Preiner , Yoni Zohar , Clark Barrett

Floating-point programs form the foundation of modern science and engineering, providing the essential computational framework for a wide range of applications, such as safety-critical systems, aerospace engineering, and financial analysis.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Youshuai Tan , Zhanwei Zhang , Jinfu Chen , Zishuo Ding , Jifeng Xuan , Weiyi Shang

Numerical accuracy of floating point computation is a well studied topic which has not made its way to the end-user in scientific computing. Yet, it has become a critical issue with the recent requirements for code modernization to harness…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2018-11-12 Christophe Denis , Pablo De Oliveira Castro , Eric Petit
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