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Implicit generative models, which do not return likelihood values, such as generative adversarial networks and diffusion models, have become prevalent in recent years. While it is true that these models have shown remarkable results,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-23 Eyal Betzalel , Coby Penso , Aviv Navon , Ethan Fetaya

This paper shows that two commonly used evaluation metrics for generative models, the Fr\'echet Inception Distance (FID) and the Inception Score (IS), are biased -- the expected value of the score computed for a finite sample set is not the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-17 Min Jin Chong , David Forsyth

Fr\'echet Inception Distance (FID), computed with an ImageNet pretrained Inception-v3 network, is widely used as a state-of-the-art evaluation metric for generative models. It assumes that feature vectors from Inception-v3 follow a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Yuli Wu , Fucheng Liu , Rüveyda Yilmaz , Henning Konermann , Peter Walter , Johannes Stegmaier

As with many machine learning problems, the progress of image generation methods hinges on good evaluation metrics. One of the most popular is the Frechet Inception Distance (FID). FID estimates the distance between a distribution of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-29 Sadeep Jayasumana , Srikumar Ramalingam , Andreas Veit , Daniel Glasner , Ayan Chakrabarti , Sanjiv Kumar

With success on controlled tasks, generative models are being increasingly applied to humanitarian applications [1,2]. In this paper, we focus on the evaluation of a conditional generative model that illustrates the consequences of climate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-23 Sharon Zhou , Alexandra Luccioni , Gautier Cosne , Michael S. Bernstein , Yoshua Bengio

The growth of generative adversarial network (GAN) models has increased the ability of image processing and provides numerous industries with the technology to produce realistic image transformations. However, with the field being recently…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Ricardo de Deijn , Aishwarya Batra , Brandon Koch , Naseef Mansoor , Hema Makkena

Fr\'echet Inception Distance (FID) is the primary metric for ranking models in data-driven generative modeling. While remarkably successful, the metric is known to sometimes disagree with human judgement. We investigate a root cause of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-15 Tuomas Kynkäänniemi , Tero Karras , Miika Aittala , Timo Aila , Jaakko Lehtinen

Generative models are designed to address the data scarcity problem. Even with the exploding amount of data, due to computational advancements, some applications (e.g., health care, weather forecast, fault detection) still suffer from data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Alireza Koochali , Maria Walch , Sankrutyayan Thota , Peter Schichtel , Andreas Dengel , Sheraz Ahmed

Devising indicative evaluation metrics for the image generation task remains an open problem. The most widely used metric for measuring the similarity between real and generated images has been the Fr\'echet Inception Distance (FID) score.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-30 Muhammad Ferjad Naeem , Seong Joon Oh , Youngjung Uh , Yunjey Choi , Jaejun Yoo

This work evaluates the robustness of quality measures of generative models such as Inception Score (IS) and Fr\'echet Inception Distance (FID). Analogous to the vulnerability of deep models against a variety of adversarial attacks, we show…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-21 Motasem Alfarra , Juan C. Pérez , Anna Frühstück , Philip H. S. Torr , Peter Wonka , Bernard Ghanem

Deep generative models (DGMs) of images are now sufficiently mature that they produce nearly photorealistic samples and obtain scores similar to the data distribution on heuristics such as Frechet Inception Distance (FID). These results,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-29 Suman Ravuri , Oriol Vinyals

We introduce a new metric to assess the quality of generated images that is more reliable, data-efficient, compute-efficient, and adaptable to new domains than the previous metrics, such as Fr\'echet Inception Distance (FID). The proposed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Pranav Jeevan , Neeraj Nixon , Amit Sethi

The success of deep learning-based generative models in producing realistic images, videos, and audios has led to a crucial consideration: how to effectively assess the quality of synthetic samples. While the Fr\'{e}chet Inception Distance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Yang Chen , Dustin J. Kempton , Rafal A. Angryk

We develop a measure for evaluating the performance of generative networks given two sets of images. A popular performance measure currently used to do this is the Fr\'echet Inception Distance (FID). FID assumes that images featurized using…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-26 Lorenzo Luzi , Carlos Ortiz Marrero , Nile Wynar , Richard G. Baraniuk , Michael J. Henry

Generative adversarial networks or GANs are a type of generative modeling framework. GANs involve a pair of neural networks engaged in a competition in iteratively creating fake data, indistinguishable from the real data. One notable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-17 Eric J. Nunn , Pejman Khadivi , Shadrokh Samavi

The rapid advancement of Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) necessitates the need to robustly evaluate these models. Among the established evaluation criteria, the Fr\'{e}chetInception Distance (FID) has been widely adopted due to its…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Lorenzo Luzi , Helen Jenne , Ryan Murray , Carlos Ortiz Marrero

Conditional Generative Adversarial Networks (cGANs) are finding increasingly widespread use in many application domains. Despite outstanding progress, quantitative evaluation of such models often involves multiple distinct metrics to assess…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-12-25 Terrance DeVries , Adriana Romero , Luis Pineda , Graham W. Taylor , Michal Drozdzal

Recent advances in generative modeling have led to an increased interest in the study of statistical divergences as means of model comparison. Commonly used evaluation methods, such as the Frechet Inception Distance (FID), correlate well…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-10-30 Mehdi S. M. Sajjadi , Olivier Bachem , Mario Lucic , Olivier Bousquet , Sylvain Gelly

The evaluation of deep generative models has been extensively studied in the centralized setting, where the reference data are drawn from a single probability distribution. On the other hand, several applications of generative models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Zixiao Wang , Farzan Farnia , Zhenghao Lin , Yunheng Shen , Bei Yu

Recent progress with conditional image diffusion models has been stunning, and this holds true whether we are speaking about models conditioned on a text description, a scene layout, or a sketch. Unconditional image diffusion models are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-22 William Harvey , Frank Wood
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