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The free-space optical (FSO) communication links with orbital angular momentum (OAM) multiplexing have been demonstrated that they can largely enhance the systems' capacity without a corresponding increase in spectral bandwidth, but the…

Optics · Physics 2014-01-30 Shengmei Zhao , Bei Wang , Li Zhou , Longyan Gong , Wenwen Cheng , Yubo Sheng , Baoyu Zheng

Recent work uses reinforcement learning (RL) to fine-tune text-to-image diffusion models, improving text-image alignment and sample quality. However, existing approaches introduce unnecessary complexity: they cache the full sampling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Yanting Miao , William Loh , Pacal Poupart , Suraj Kothawade

Transmission grid congestion increases as the electrification of various sectors requires transmitting more power. Topology control, through substation reconfiguration, can reduce congestion but its potential remains under-exploited in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Thomas Lautenbacher , Ali Rajaei , Davide Barbieri , Jan Viebahn , Jochen L. Cremer

Recent advances in reinforcement learning (RL) have substantially improved the training of large-scale language models, leading to significant gains in generation quality and reasoning ability. However, most existing research focuses on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Di Zhang , Xun Wu , Shaohan Huang , Lingjie Jiang , Yaru Hao , Li Dong , Zewen Chi , Zhifang Sui , Furu Wei

Beamforming is an essential technology in the 5G massive multiple-input-multiple-output (MMIMO) communications, which are subject to many impairments due to the nature of wireless transmission channel, i.e. the air. The inter-cell…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-07-05 Aidong Yang , Xinlang Yue , Ye Ouyang

Deep neural networks trained with standard cross-entropy loss memorize noisy labels, which degrades their performance. Most research to mitigate this memorization proposes new robust classification loss functions. Conversely, we propose a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-19 Diego Ortego , Eric Arazo , Paul Albert , Noel E. O'Connor , Kevin McGuinness

Multi-Target Tracking (MTT) is foundational for radar, defense, and autonomous systems, where tracking accuracy directly affects decision-making and safety. For linear systems with Gaussian process and measurement noise, the Kalman filter…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-11-05 Priyank Behera , C. Robert Kenley

Over-the-air federated learning (OTA-FL) is an emerging technique to reduce the computation and communication overload at the PS caused by the orthogonal transmissions of the model updates in conventional federated learning (FL). This…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Saba Asaad , Hina Tabassum , Chongjun Ouyang , Ping Wang

Federated learning (FL) has emerged as a promising framework for distributed learning, enabling collaborative model training without sharing private data. Existing wireless FL works primarily adopt two communication strategies: (1)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Muhammad Faraz Ul Abrar , Nicolò Michelusi

By enabling spectrum sharing between radar and communication operations, the cell-free dual-functional radar-communication (CF-DFRC) system is a promising candidate to significantly improve spectrum efficiency in future sixth-generation…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-23 Yue Xiu , Wanting Lyu , You Li , Ran Yang , Phee Lep Yeoh , Wei Zhang , Guangyi Liu , Ning Wei

Positioning using wave signal measurements is used in several applications, such as GPS systems, structure from sound and Wifi based positioning. Mathematically, such problems require the computation of the positions of receivers and/or…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Luca Ferranti , Kalle Åström , Magnus Oskarsson , Jani Boutellier , Juho Kannala

In this paper, we study a new kind of pilot contamination appearing in multi-operator reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) assisted networks, where multiple operators provide services to their respective served users. The operators use…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-03 Doğa Gürgünoğlu , Emil Björnson , Gábor Fodor

Does Federated Learning (FL) work when both uplink and downlink communications have errors? How much communication noise can FL handle and what is its impact to the learning performance? This work is devoted to answering these practically…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-12-06 Xizixiang Wei , Cong Shen

Meta-surfaces, also known as Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RIS), have emerged as a cost-effective, low power consumption, and flexible solution for enabling multiple applications in Internet of Things (IoT). However, in the context…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-18 Yufei Zhao , Yong Liang Guan , Afkar Mohamed Ismail , Gaohua Ju , Deyu Lin , Yilong Lu , Chau Yuen

This paper proposes a framework for multi-robot systems to perform simultaneous learning and coverage of a domain of interest characterized by an unknown and potentially time-varying density function. To overcome the limitations of Gaussian…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Ruijie Du , Ruoyu Lin , Yanning Shen , Magnus Egerstedt

In this paper, we investigate the performance analysis of dual hop relaying system consisting of asymmetric Radio Frequency (RF)/Free Optical Space (FSO) links. The RF channels follow a Rayleigh distribution and the optical links are…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-01-17 Elyes Balti , Mohsen Guizani , Bechir Hamdaoui , Yassine Maalej

Over-the-air federated learning (OTA-FL) offers an exciting new direction over classical FL by averaging model weights using the physics of analog signal propagation. Since each participant broadcasts its model weights concurrently in time…

Standard representational similarity methods align each layer of a network to its best match in another independently, producing asymmetric results, lacking a global alignment score, and struggling with networks of different depths. These…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Shaan Shah , Meenakshi Khosla

This paper studies the effectiveness of relaying for interference mitigation in an interference-limited communication scenario. We are motivated by the observation that in a cellular network, a relay node placed at the cell edge observes a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-03-20 S. Arvin Ayoughi , Wei Yu

In this paper, the uplink adaptation for massive multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) networks without the knowledge of user density is considered. Specifically, a novel cooperative uplink transmission and detection scheme is first…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-04-30 Yang Li , Zezhong Zhang , Rui Wang , Kaibin Huang , Yifan Chen