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For a graph $F$, let ${\rm EX}(n,F)$ be the set of $F$-free graphs of order $n$ with the maximum number of edges. The graph $F$ is called vertex-critical, if the deletion of its some vertex induces a graph with smaller chromatic number. For…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-02-24 Wenqian Zhang

Given graphs $H$ and $F$ with $\chi(H)<\chi(F)$, we say that $H$ is weakly $F$-Tur\'an-good if among $n$-vertex $F$-free graphs, a $(\chi(F)-1)$-partite graph contains the most copies of $H$. Let $H$ be a bipartite graph that contains a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-01-02 Dániel Gerbner

The Tur\'{a}n problem asks for the largest number of edges ex$(n,H)$ in an $n$-vertex graph not containing a fixed forbidden subgraph $H$, which is one of the most important problems in extremal graph theory. However the order of magnitude…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-08-06 Tao Zhang , Zixiang Xu , Gennian Ge

Given $r$-uniform hypergraphs $G$ and $H$ the Tur\'an number $\rm ex(G, H)$ is the maximum number of edges in an $H$-free subgraph of $G$. We study the typical value of $\rm ex(G, H)$ when $G=G_{n,p}^{(r)}$, the Erd\H{o}s-R\'enyi random…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-07-21 Dhruv Mubayi , Liana Yepremyan

We consider in detail the well-known family of graphs $G(q,t)$ that establish an asymptotic lower bound for Tur\'an numbers $\mathrm{ex}(n,K_{2,t+1})$. We prove that $G(q,t)$ for some specific $q$ and $t$ also gives an asymptotic bound for…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-01-19 Ivan Livinsky

Given a graph $H$ and a positive integer $n$, the {\it Tur\'an number} $\ex(n,H)$ is the maximum number of edges in an $n$-vertex graph that does not contain $H$ as a subgraph. A real number $r\in(1,2)$ is called a {\it Tur\'an exponent} if…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-08-08 Tao Jiang , Yu Qiu

Let the bipartite Tur\'an number $ex(m,n,H)$ of a graph $H$ be the maximum number of edges in an $H$-free bipartite graph with two parts of sizes $m$ and $n$, respectively. In this paper, we prove that $ex(m,n,C_{2t})=(t-1)n+m-t+1$ for any…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-07-19 Binlong Li , Bo Ning

Given an $r$-graph $H$ on $h$ vertices, and a family $\mathcal{F}$ of forbidden subgraphs, we define $\ex_{H}(n, \mathcal{F})$ to be the maximum number of induced copies of $H$ in an $\mathcal{F}$-free $r$-graph on $n$ vertices. Then the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-03-12 Victor Falgas-Ravry , Emil R. Vaughan

The Tur\'an number $ex(n,H)$ is the maximum number of edges in an $H$-free graph on $n$ vertices. Let $T$ be any tree. The odd-ballooning of $T$, denoted by $T_o$, is a graph obtained by replacing each edge of $T$ with an odd cycle…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-07-26 Xiutao Zhu , Yaojun Chen

We consider finite simple graphs. Given a graph $H$ and a positive integer $n,$ the Tur\'{a}n number of $H$ for the order $n,$ denoted ${\rm ex}(n,H),$ is the maximum size of a graph of order $n$ not containing $H$ as a subgraph. Erd\H{o}s…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-02-03 Pu Qiao , Xingzhi Zhan

The planar Tur\'an number of a graph $H$, denoted by $ex_{_\mathcal{P}}(n,H)$, is the largest number of edges in a planar graph on $n $ vertices without containing $H$ as a subgraph. In this paper, we continue to study the topic of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-09-07 Yongxin Lan , Zi-Xia Song

Let $K^{(r)}_{s_1,s_2,\cdots,s_r}$ be the complete $r$-partite $r$-uniform hypergraph and $ex(n,K^{(r)}_{s_1,s_2,\cdots,s_r})$ be the maximum number of edges in any $n$-vertex $K^{(r)}_{s_1,s_2,\cdots,s_r}$-free $r$-uniform hypergraph. It…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-01-02 Jie Ma , Xiaofan Yuan , Mingwei Zhang

The \emph{Ramsey multiplicity constant} of a graph $H$ is the limit as $n$ tends to infinity of the minimum density of monochromatic labeled copies of $H$ in a $2$-edge colouring of $K_n$. Fox and Wigderson recently identified a large…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-01-31 Joseph Hyde , Jae-baek Lee , Jonathan A. Noel

Given a graph $F$, the random Tur\'an problem asks to determine the maximum number of edges in an $F$-free subgraph of $G_{n,p}$. Prior to this work, the only bipartite graphs $F$ with known tight bounds included certain classes of complete…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-03 Sean Longbrake , Sam Spiro

The Turan number of a graph H, ex(n,H), is the maximum number of edges in a graph on n vertices which does not have H as a subgraph. We determine the Turan number and find the unique extremal graph for forests consisting of paths when n is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-04-17 Bernard Lidický , Hong Liu , Cory Palmer

We study the Tur\'an number of long cycles in random graphs and in pseudo-random graphs. Denote by $ex(G(n,p),H)$ the random variable counting the number of edges in a largest subgraph of $G(n,p)$ without a copy of $H$. We determine the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-07-29 Michael Krivelevich , Gal Kronenberg , Adva Mond

Let $H$ be a nonempty graph. A graph is $H$-free if it does not contain any copy of $H$ as a subgraph. The outerplanar Tur\'{a}n number of $H$, denoted by $ex_{_\mathcal{OP}}(n,H)$, is the maximum number of edges among all $H$-free…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-19 Chaofan Zhang , Yongxin Lan , Changqing Xu

Let $\mathcal{H}$ be a hypergraph and $F$ be a graph. If there exists a bijection between the hyperedges of $\mathcal{H}$ and the edges of $F$ such that each hyperedge contains its image, then we say that $\mathcal{H}$ is a \textit{Berge…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-21 Xiamiao Zhao , Xin Cheng , Dániel Gerbner

We consider the following generalized Tur\'an problem: For $2 \le s \le t$, what is the maximum number of triangles in a $K_{1,s,t}$-free graph on $n$ vertices? The previously best known lower and upper bounds are $\Omega(n^2)$ and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-15 Asier Calbet , Ritesh Goenka

In this paper we prove an asymptotic multipartite version of a well-known theorem of K\"uhn and Osthus by establishing, for any graph $H$ with chromatic number $r$, the asymptotic multipartite minimum degree threshold which ensures that a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-07-17 Ryan R. Martin , Richard Mycroft , Jozef Skokan