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For a commutative semigroup $S$ with 0, the zero-divisor graph of $S$ denoted by $\Gamma(S)$ is the graph whose vertices are nonzero zero-divisor of $S$, and two vertices $x$, $y$ are adjacent in case $xy=0$ in $S$. In this paper we study…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Hamid Reza Maimani , Mojgan Mogharrab , Siamak Yassemi

Let $G$ be a group and $Sol(G)=\{x \in G : \langle x,y \rangle \text{ is solvable for all } y \in G\}$. We associate a graph $\mathcal{NS}_G$ (called the non-solvable graph of $G$) with $G$ whose vertex set is $G \setminus Sol(G)$ and two…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2019-09-27 Parthajit Bhowal , Deiborlang Nongsiang , Rajat Kanti Nath

For a finite group $G$, we define the inclusion graph of subgroups of $G$, denoted by $\mathcal I(G)$, is a graph having all the proper subgroups of $G$ as its vertices and two distinct vertices $H$ and $K$ in $\mathcal I(G)$ are adjacent…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2016-04-29 P. Devi , R. Rajkumar

Given a finite group $G$, its prime graph $\Gamma(G)$ (also known as its Gruenberg-Kegel graph) is the graph whose vertices are the prime divisors of $|G|$ and where edges $\{p, q\}$ exist whenever $G$ contains an element of order $pq$. We…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2025-11-21 Lucas Alland , Andrei Fridman , Thomas Michael Keller

The commuting graph of a group $G$ is the graph whose vertices are the elements of $G$, two distinct vertices joined if they commute. Our purpose in this paper is twofold: we discuss the computational problem of deciding whether a given…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2025-07-29 V. Arvind , Xuanlong Ma , Peter J. Cameron , Natalia V. Maslova

Let $G$ be a finite group and $N(G)$ be the set of its conjugacy class sizes excluding~$1$. Let us define a directed graph $\Gamma(G)$, the set of vertices of this graph is $N(G)$ and the vertices $x$ and $y$ are connected by a directed…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2024-04-22 Nanying Yang , Ilya Gorshkov

For a group $\Gamma$, a $\Gamma$-labelled graph is an undirected graph $G$ where every orientation of an edge is assigned an element of $\Gamma$ so that opposite orientations of the same edge are assigned inverse elements. A path in $G$ is…

The dominating graph of a graph G is a graph whose vertices correspond to the dominating sets of G and two vertices are adjacent whenever their corresponding dominating sets differ in exactly one vertex. Studying properties of dominating…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-12-12 Alireza Mofidi

We introduce and study the pinnacle sets of a simple graph $G$ with $n$ vertices. Given a bijective vertex labeling $\lambda\,:\,V(G)\rightarrow [n]$, the label $\lambda(v)$ of vertex $v$ is a pinnacle of $(G, \lambda)$ if…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-07-01 Chassidy Bozeman , Christine Cheng , Pamela E. Harris , Stephen Lasinis , Shanise Walker

Let $G$ be a finite group, and let ${\rm{cd}}(G)$ denote the set of degrees of the irreducible complex characters of $G$. Define then the character degree graph $\Delta(G)$ as the (simple undirected) graph whose vertices are the prime…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2022-09-16 Silvio Dolfi , Emanuele Pacifici , Lucia Sanus

For a finite group $G$, the prime graph $\Gamma(G)$ (also known as Gruenberg-Kegel graph) is defined to be the graph where the vertices are the primes that divide $|G|$ such that two vertices $p$ and $q$ share an edge if and only if there…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2025-10-28 Thomas Michael Keller , Zachary Martin , Alexa Renner , Gabriel Roca , Eric Yu

We say that finite groups are isospectral if they have the same sets of orders of elements. It is known that every nonsolvable finite group $G$ isospectral to a finite simple group has a unique nonabelian composition factor, that is, the…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2022-07-07 Maria A. Grechkoseeva , Andrey V. Vasil'ev

To each finite frame $\varphi$ in an inner product space $\mathcal{H}$ we associate a simple graph $G(\varphi)$, called {\it frame graph}, with the vectors of the frame as vertices and there is an edge between vertices $f$ and $g$ provided…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-01-06 H. Najafi , F. Abdollahi

Let G be a finite group with identity e and H \neq \{e\} be a subgroup of G. The generalized non-coprime graph GAmma_{G,H} of G with respect to H is the simple undirected graph with G - \{e \}\) as the vertex set and two distinct vertices a…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2022-08-04 S. Anukumar Kathirvel , Peter J. Cameron , T. Tamizh Chelvam

A graph operator is a function $\Gamma$ defined on some set of graphs such that whenever two graphs $G$ and $H$ are isomorphic, written $G\simeq H$, then $\Gamma(G)\simeq \Gamma(H)$. For a graph $G$ not in the domain of $\Gamma$, we put…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-12-17 Severino V. Gervacio

The topology of an interconnection network can be modeled by a graph $G=(V(G),E(G))$. The connectivity of graph $G$ is a parameter to measure the reliability of corresponding network. Direct product is one important graph product. This…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-06-06 Jiaqiong Yin , Yingzhi Tian

The degree of commutativity of a finite group is the probability that two uniformly and randomly chosen elements commute. This notion extends naturally to finitely generated groups $G$: the degree of commutativity $\text{dc}_S(G)$, with…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2023-10-17 Iker de las Heras , Benjamin Klopsch , Andoni Zozaya

Let $\Gamma$ be a finite graph and let $A(\Gamma)$ be its adjacency matrix. Then $\Gamma$ is {\it singular} if $A(\Gamma)$ is singular. The singularity of graphs is of certain interest in graph theory and algebraic combinatorics. Here we…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-04-05 Johannes Siemons , Alexandre Zalesski

In this short note we prove that a graph product $G_\Gamma$ of finitely generated abelian groups is semicomplete -- that is the kernel of the natural homomorphism ${\rm Aut}(G_\Gamma)\to{\rm Aut}(G_\Gamma^{ab})$ induced by the…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2022-08-23 Philip Möller , Olga Varghese

Suppose that $\tilde{G}$ is a connected reductive group defined over a field $k$, and $\Gamma$ is a finite group acting via $k$-automorphisms of $\tilde{G}$ satisfying a certain quasi-semisimplicity condition. Then the connected part of the…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2014-07-28 Jeffrey D. Adler , Joshua M. Lansky