Related papers: The Sum of Squares function in the ring $\mathbb{Z…

We examine the representation of numbers as the sum of two squares in $\mathbb{Z}_n$ for a general positive integer $n$. Using this information we make some comments about the density of positive integers which can be represented as the sum…

A classical theorem in number theory due to Euler states that a positive integer $z$ can be written as the sum of two squares if and only if all prime factors $q$ of $z$, with $q\equiv 3 \pmod{4}$, have even exponent in the prime…

We obtain new Poisson type summation formulas with nodes $\pm \sqrt{n}$ and with weights involving the function $r_k(n)$ that gives the number of representations of a positive integer $n$ as the sum of $k$ squares. Our results extend…

We study the sums of squares on cylinders of the form $X \times \mathbb{A}_K$ for a (weakly) factorial curve $C$. We prove the equality of the Pythagoras numbers of the ring of regular functions on the cylinder with that of the field of…

We give a bijective parameter representation for a sum of squares of numbers being equal to another sum of squares of numbers.

The $\Sopfr(n)$ function is defined as the sum of prime factors of $n$ each of which is taken with its multiplicity. This function is studied numerically. The analogy between $\Sopfr(n)$ and the primes distribution function is drawn and…

The sum formula is a well known relation in the field of the multiple zeta values. In this paper, we present its generalization for the Euler-Zagier multiple zeta function.

In this paper we compute the sum of the $k$-th powers over any finite commutative unital rings, thus generalizing known results for finite fields, the rings of integers modulo $n$ or the ring of Gaussian integers modulo $n$. As an…

The relationship between nonnegative polynomials and sums of squares is one of the central questions in real algebraic geometry. A modern approach is to look at nonnegative polynomials and sums of squares on a real variety. We survey the…

Finite trigonometric sums occur in various branches of physics, mathematics, and their applications. These sums may contain various powers of one or more trigonometric functions. Sums with one trigonometric function are known, however sums…

Let R be the ring of S-integers of an algebraic function field (in one variable) over a perfect field, where S is finite and not empty. It is shown that for every positive integer N there exist elements of R that can not be written as a sum…

We study the problem of writing Gaussian primes as the sum of two squares, both of which are interesting arithmetically, in particular, when one is the square of a prime and the other the square of an almost-prime.

We prove recursive formulas for sums of squares and sums of triangular numbers in terms of sums of divisors functions and we give a variety of consequences of these formulas. Intermediate applications include statements about positivity of…

A four-term recurrence relation for squared spherical Bessel functions is shown to yield closed-form expressions for several types of finite weighted sums of these functions. The resulting sum rules, which may contain an arbitrarily large…

We use the spectral theory of Hilbert-Maass forms for real quadratic fields to obtain the asymptotics of some sums involving the number of representations as a sum of two squares in the ring of integers.

In this paper some generalizations of the sum of powers of natural numbers is considered. In particular, the class of sums whose generating function is the power of the generating function for the classical sums of powers is studying. The…

We ask whether every polynomial function that is non-negative on a real algebraic curve can be expressed as a sum of squares in the coordinate ring. Scheiderer has classified all irreducible curves for which this is the case. For reducible…

We use a representability theorem of G. L. Watson to examine sums of squares in Quaternion rings with integer coefficients. This allows us to determine a large family of such rings where every element expressible as the sum of squares can…

In this paper, we consider whether existence of a sums-of-squares formula depends on the base field. We reformulate the question of existence as a question in algebraic geometry. We show that, for large enough p, existence of…

Let $\mathbf H_2$ denote the set of even integers $n \not\equiv 1 \pmod 3$. We prove that when $H \ge X^{0.33}$, almost all integers $n \in \mathbf H_2$, $X < n \le X + H$ can be represented as the sum of a prime and the square of a prime.…