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The article demonstrates some less known principles of image build-up in diffractive microscopy and their usage in analysis unravelling the smallest localized information about the original object - an electromagnetic centroid. In…
Interaction-free measurement (IFM) has been proposed as a means of high-resolution, low-damage imaging of radiation-sensitive samples, such as biomolecules and proteins. The basic setup for IFM is a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, and recent…
Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) has been widely utilized in the field of materials science due to its significant advantages, such as large depth of field, wide field of view, and excellent stereoscopic imaging. However, at high…
Does the size of atoms present a lower limit to the size of electronic structures that can be fabricated in solids? This limit can be overcome by using devices that exploit quantum mechanical scattering of electron waves at atoms arranged…
The theoretically observable limit of electron density distribution by single-crystal X-ray diffraction is discussed. When F_{orb} and {\delta}F are defined as, respectively, the partial structure factor for an orbital and the deviation of…
X-ray free-electron lasers (FELs) are promising tools for structural determination of macromolecules via coherent x-ray scattering. During ultrashort and ultraintense x-ray pulses with an atomic scale wavelength, samples are subject to…
The short pulses of X-ray free electron lasers can produce diffraction patterns with structural information before radiation damage destroys the particle. The particles are injected into the beam in random orientations and they should be…
X-ray micro tomography is a non-destructive, three-dimensional inspection technique applied across a vast range of fields and disciplines, ranging from research to industrial, encompassing engineering, biology and medical research.…
We present a simple measurement and analysis technique to determine the fraction of optical loss due to both radiation (scattering) and linear absorption in microphotonic components. The method is generally applicable to optical materials…
Holography relies on the interference between a known reference and a signal of interest to reconstruct both the amplitude and phase of that signal. Commonly performed with photons and electrons, it finds numerous applications in imaging,…
While transmission electron microscopes (TEM) can achieve a much higher resolution than optical microscopes, they face challenges of damage to samples during the high energy processes involved. Here, we explore using computational ghost…
Optical microscopy offers a unique insight of biological structures with a sub-micrometer resolution and a minimum invasiveness. However, the inhomogeneities of the specimen itself can induce multiple scattering of light and optical…
We demonstrate the abilities of elastic x-ray scattering to yield information on dense matter with multiple ion species and on the microscopic mixing in dense materials. Based on partial structure factors from ab initio simulations, a novel…
Photographs taken with less-than-ideal exposure settings often display poor visual quality. Since the correction procedures vary significantly, it is difficult for a single neural network to handle all exposure problems. Moreover, the…
The value of preclinical diffusion MRI (dMRI) is substantial. While dMRI enables in vivo non-invasive characterization of tissue, ex vivo dMRI is increasingly used to probe tissue microstructure and brain connectivity. Ex vivo dMRI has…
For the first time it is shown that for thin metallic films thickness of which not exceed thickness of skin-layer, the problem allows analytical solution for arbitrary boundary value problems. The analysis of dependence of coefficients of…
While high-resolution microscopic techniques are crucial for studying cellular structures in cell biology, obtaining such images from thick 3D engineered tissues remains challenging. In this review, we explore advancements in fluorescence…
The simulation of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images or diffraction patterns is often required to interpret their contrast and extract specimen features. This is especially true for high-resolution phase-contrast imaging of…
Material decomposition in X-ray imaging uses the energy-dependence of attenuation to virtually decompose an object into specific constituent materials. X-ray phase contrast imaging is a developing technique that can enhance image contrast…
Electron microscopy prevalently uses energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) for elemental analysis. EDS and EELS energy resolutions are commonly between 30-100 eV or 0.01-1 eV, respectively.…