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Principal component analysis (PCA) is a widely used dimension reduction technique in machine learning and multivariate statistics. To improve the interpretability of PCA, various approaches to obtain sparse principal direction loadings have…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-06-07 Agniva Chowdhury , Petros Drineas , David P. Woodruff , Samson Zhou

Sparse principal component analysis (sPCA) enhances the interpretability of principal components (PCs) by imposing sparsity constraints on loading vectors (LVs). However, when used as a precursor to independent component analysis (ICA) for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-20 Muhammad Usman Khalid

Tensors decompositions are a class of tools for analysing datasets of high dimensionality and variety in a natural manner, with the Canonical Polyadic Decomposition (CPD) being a main pillar. While the notion of CPD is closely intertwined…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-11-15 Giuseppe G. Calvi , Bruno Scalzo Dees , Danilo P. Mandic

A sample-relaxed two-dimensional color principal component analysis (SR-2DCPCA) approach is presented for face recognition and image reconstruction based on quaternion models. A relaxation vector is automatically generated according to the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-03-13 Meixiang Zhao , Zhigang Jia , Dunwei Gong

Singular value thresholding (SVT) plays an important role in the well-known robust principal component analysis (RPCA) algorithms which have many applications in computer vision and recommendation systems. In this paper, we formulate and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-07-04 Aritra Dutta , Boqing Gong , Xin Li , Mubarak Shah

Principal component analysis (PCA) is a widely used unsupervised dimensionality reduction technique in machine learning, applied across various fields such as bioinformatics, computer vision and finance. However, when the response variables…

Applications · Statistics 2025-06-25 Theodosios Papazoglou , Guosheng Yin

Principal component analysis (PCA) is known to be sensitive to outliers, so that various robust PCA variants were proposed in the literature. A recent model, called REAPER, aims to find the principal components by solving a convex…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-03-19 Robert Beinert , Gabriele Steidl

Functional principal component analysis (FPCA) is a key tool in the study of functional data, driving both exploratory analyses and feature construction for use in formal modeling and testing procedures. However, existing methods for FPCA…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-24 Caitrin Murphy , Eric Laber , Rhonda Merwin , Brian Reich , Jake Koerner

Sparse principal component analysis (PCA) is an important technique for dimensionality reduction of high-dimensional data. However, most existing sparse PCA algorithms are based on non-convex optimization, which provide little guarantee on…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-11-20 Yixuan Qiu , Jing Lei , Kathryn Roeder

In the context of online Robust Principle Component Analysis (RPCA) for the video foreground-background separation, we propose a compressive online RPCA with optical flow that separates recursively a sequence of frames into sparse…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-10-26 Srivatsa Prativadibhayankaram , Huynh Van Luong , Thanh-Ha Le , Andre Kaup

High-dimensional image data often require dimensionality reduction before further analysis. This paper provides a purely analytical comparison of two linear techniques-Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Singular Value Decomposition…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Michael Gyimadu , Gregory Bell , Ph. D

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is an efficient tool to optimize the multiparameter tests of general relativity (GR) where one tests for simultaneous deviations in multiple post-Newtonian (PN) phasing coefficients by introducing…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-08-17 Sayantani Datta , M. Saleem , K. G. Arun , B. S. Sathyaprakash

Probabilistic principal component analysis (PPCA) is a probabilistic reformulation of principal component analysis (PCA), under the framework of a Gaussian latent variable model. To improve the robustness of PPCA, it has been proposed to…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-11-28 Yiping Guo , Howard D. Bondell

Spectral PCA (sPCA), in contrast to classical PCA, offers the advantage of identifying organized spatio-temporal patterns within specific frequency bands and extracting dynamical modes. However, the unavoidable tradeoff between frequency…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-03 Clément Guilloteau , Antonios Mamalakis , Lawrence Vulis , Tryphon T. Georgiou , Efi Foufoula-Georgiou

We propose a sampling-based method for computing the tensor ring (TR) decomposition of a data tensor. The method uses leverage score sampled alternating least squares to fit the TR cores in an iterative fashion. By taking advantage of the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-07-12 Osman Asif Malik , Stephen Becker

The two-dimensional principal component analysis (2DPCA) has become one of the most powerful tools of artificial intelligent algorithms. In this paper, we review 2DPCA and its variations, and propose a general ridge regression model to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-12-23 Meixiang Zhao , Zhigang Jia , Yunfeng Cai , Xiao Chen , Dunwei Gong

This work studies the recursive robust principal components analysis (PCA) problem. If the outlier is the signal-of-interest, this problem can be interpreted as one of recursively recovering a time sequence of sparse vectors, $S_t$, in the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-03-28 Chenlu Qiu , Namrata Vaswani , Brian Lois , Leslie Hogben

Principal component analysis (PCA) is a classical feature extraction method, but it may be adversely affected by outliers, resulting in inaccurate learning of the projection matrix. This paper proposes a robust method to estimate both the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-23 Yingzhuo Deng , Ke Hu , Bo Li , Yao Zhang

Principal component analysis (PCA) is a widely used method for dimension reduction. In high dimensional data, the "signal" eigenvalues corresponding to weak principal components (PCs) do not necessarily separate from the bulk of the "noise"…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-10-03 Edgar Dobriban

In this paper, a new definition of tensor p-shrinkage nuclear norm (p-TNN) is proposed based on tensor singular value decomposition (t-SVD). In particular, it can be proved that p-TNN is a better approximation of the tensor average rank…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-10 Chunsheng Liu , Hong Shan , Chunlei Chen