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The density functional theory (DFT) in electronic structure calculations can be formulated as either a nonlinear eigenvalue or direct minimization problem. The most widely used approach for solving the former is the so-called…

Computational Physics · Physics 2013-08-14 Xin Zhang , Jinwei Zhu , Zaiwen Wen , Aihui Zhou

Kohn-Sham Density Functional Theory (KS-DFT) has been traditionally solved by the Self-Consistent Field (SCF) method. Behind the SCF loop is the physics intuition of solving a system of non-interactive single-electron wave functions under…

The convergence property of a stochastic algorithm for the self-consistent field (SCF) calculations of electron structures is studied. The algorithm is formulated by rewriting the electron charges as a trace/diagonal of a matrix function,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-04-20 Taehee Ko , Xiantao Li

The quantum mechanical ground state of electrons is described by Density Functional Theory, which leads to large minimization problems. An efficient minimization method uses a selfconsistent field (SCF) solution of large eigenvalue…

Materials Science · Physics 2007-05-23 Claus Bendtsen , Ole H. Nielsen , Lars B. Hansen

We analyse three related preconditioned steepest descent algorithms, which are partially popular in Hartree-Fock and Kohn-Sham theory as well as invariant subspace computations, from the viewpoint of minimization of the corresponding…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2008-05-09 Reinhold Schneider , Thorsten Rohwedder , Alexej Neelov , Johannes Blauert

A uniform derivation is presented of the self-consistent field equations in a finite basis set. Both restricted and unrestricted Hartree-Fock (HF) theory as well as various density functional (DF) approximations are considered. The unitary…

Computational Physics · Physics 2020-03-10 Susi Lehtola , Frank Blockhuys , Christian Van Alsenoy

A new framework is presented for evaluating the performance of self-consistent field methods in Kohn-Sham density functional theory. The aims of this work are two-fold. First, we explore the properties of Kohn-Sham density functional theory…

Computational Physics · Physics 2019-07-18 Nick Woods , Phil Hasnip , Mike Payne

Self-consistent field theory (SCFT) is one of the most widely-used framework in studying the equilibrium phase behaviors of inhomogenous polymers. For liquid crystalline polymeric systems, the main numerical challenges of solving SCFT…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-09-16 Zhijuan He , Kai Jiang , Liwei Tan , Xin Wang

Kohn-Sham density functional theory (KS-DFT) has found widespread application in accurate electronic structure calculations. However, it can be computationally demanding especially for large-scale simulations, motivating recent efforts…

Computational Physics · Physics 2024-06-25 Feitong Song , Ji Feng

We present a comprehensive convergence analysis for Self-Consistent Field (SCF) iteration to solve a class of nonlinear eigenvalue problems with eigenvector-dependency (NEPv). Using a tangent-angle matrix as an intermediate measure for…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-09-22 Zhaojun Bai , Ren-Cang Li , Ding Lu

The general procedure underlying Hartree-Fock and Kohn-Sham density functional theory calculations consists in optimizing orbitals for a self-consistent solution of the Roothaan-Hall equations in an iterative process. It is often ignored…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2017-03-16 Alain C. Vaucher , Markus Reiher

Self-consistent-field (SCF) approximations formulated using Hartree-Fock (HF) or Kohn-Sham Density Functional Theory (KS-DFT) both have the potential to yield multiple solutions. However, the formal relationship between multiple solutions…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2021-01-06 Rhiannon A. Zarotiadis , Hugh G. A. Burton , Alex J. W. Thom

We propose a novel adaptive damping algorithm for the self-consistent field (SCF) iterations of Kohn-Sham density-functional theory, using a backtracking line search to automatically adjust the damping in each SCF step. This line search is…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-03-14 Michael F. Herbst , Antoine Levitt

It is well known that the self-consistent field (SCF) iteration for solving the Kohn-Sham (KS) equation often fails to converge, yet there is no clear explanation. In this paper, we investigate the SCF iteration from the perspective of…

Computational Physics · Physics 2013-12-02 Xin Liu , Xiao Wang , Zaiwen Wen , Yaxiang Yuan

The inverse problem of Kohn-Sham density functional theory (DFT) is often solved in an effort to benchmark and design approximate exchange-correlation potentials. The forward and inverse problems of DFT rely on the same equations but the…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2017-08-02 Daniel Jensen , Adam Wasserman

It has recently been shown that configuration state functions (CSF) with local orbitals can provide a compact reference state for low-spin open-shell electronic structures, such as antiferromagnetic states. However, optimizing a low-spin…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2025-08-05 Hugh G. A. Burton

Solving the Kohn-Sham eigenvalue problem constitutes the most computationally expensive part in self-consistent density functional theory (DFT) calculations. In a previous paper, we have proposed a nonlinear Chebyshev-filtered subspace…

Materials Science · Physics 2009-11-13 Yunkai Zhou , Yousef Saad , Murilo L. Tiago , James R. Chelikowsky

Linear-scaling techniques for Kohn-Sham density functional theory (KS-DFT) are essential to describe the ground state properties of extended systems. Still, these techniques often rely on the locality of the density matrix or on accurate…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2023-01-25 Ming Chen , Roi Baer , Eran Rabani

In this paper, we study a few theoretical issues in the discretized Kohn-Sham (KS) density functional theory (DFT). The equivalence between either a local or global minimizer of the KS total energy minimization problem and the solution to…

Computational Physics · Physics 2014-02-21 Xin Liu , Zaiwen Wen , Xiao Wang , Michael Ulbrich , Yaxiang Yuan

In this paper we analyze several new methods for solving nonconvex optimization problems with the objective function formed as a sum of two terms: one is nonconvex and smooth, and another is convex but simple and its structure is known.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2014-06-25 A. Patrascu , I. Necoara
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