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A graph on $n \ge 3$ vertices drawn in the plane such that each edge is crossed at most four times has at most $6(n-2)$ edges -- this result proven by Ackerman is outstanding in the literature of beyond-planar graphs with regard to its…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-03 Aaron Büngener

We consider the thickness $\theta (G))$ and outerthickness $\theta _o(G)$ of a graph G in terms of its orientable and nonorientable genus. Dean and Hutchinson provided upper bounds for thickness of graphs in terms of their orientable genus.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-12-17 Baogang Xu , Xiaoya Zha

Motivated by applications in graph drawing and information visualization, we examine the planar split thickness of a graph, that is, the smallest $k$ such that the graph is $k$-splittable into a planar graph. A $k$-split operation…

The thickness of a graph G is the minimum number of planar subgraphs whose union is G. In this paper, we obtain the thickness of complete 3-partite graph K_1,n,n, K_2,n,n and complete 4-partite graph K_1,1,n,n.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-10-13 Xia Guo , Yan Yang

The thickness of a graph $G=(V,E)$ with $n$ vertices is the minimum number of planar subgraphs of $G$ whose union is $G$. A polyline drawing of $G$ in $\mathbb{R}^2$ is a drawing $\Gamma$ of $G$, where each vertex is mapped to a point and…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2016-05-02 Stephane Durocher , Debajyoti Mondal

We prove that in any strongly fan-planar drawing of a graph G the edges can be colored with at most three colors, such that no two edges of the same color cross. This implies that the thickness of strongly fan-planar graphs is at most…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-08-29 Otfried Cheong , Maximilian Pfister , Lena Schlipf

A graph is $2$-planar if it has local crossing number two, that is, it can be drawn in the plane such that every edge has at most two crossings. A graph is maximal $2$-planar if no edge can be added such that the resulting graph remains…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-03-16 Michael Hoffmann , Meghana M. Reddy

A graph $G$ has a $k$-page book embedding if $G$ can be embedded into a $k$-page book. The minimum $k$ such that $G$ has a $k$-page book embedding is the book thickness of $G$, denoted $bt(G)$. Most of the work on this subject has been done…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-11-22 Stacey McAdams , Jinko Kanno

Drawing a graph in the plane with as few crossings as possible is one of the central problems in graph drawing and computational geometry. Another option is to remove the smallest number of vertices or edges such that the remaining graph…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Akanksha Agrawal , Sergio Cabello , Michael Kaufmann , Saket Saurabh , Roohani Sharma , Yushi Uno , Alexander Wolff

Back in the Eighties, Heath showed that every 3-planar graph is subhamiltonian and asked whether this result can be extended to a class of graphs of degree greater than three. In this paper we affirmatively answer this question for the…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2014-01-06 Michael A. Bekos , Martin Gronemann , Chrysanthi N. Raftopoulou

The thickness $\theta(G)$ of a graph $G$ is the minimum number of planar spanning subgraphs into which the graph $G$ can be decomposed. As a topological invariant of a graph, it is a measurement of the closeness to planarity of a graph, and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-02-01 Yan Yang , Xiangheng Kong

A book embedding of a graph is a drawing that maps vertices onto a line and edges to simple pairwise non-crossing curves drawn into pages, which are half-planes bounded by that line. Two-page book embeddings, i.e., book embeddings into 2…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Robert Ganian , Haiko Mueller , Sebastian Ordyniak , Giacomo Paesani , Mateusz Rychlicki

A graph is called (generically) rigid in R^d if, for any choice of sufficiently generic edge lengths, it can be embedded in R^d in a finite number of distinct ways, modulo rigid transformations. Here, we deal with the problem of determining…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2014-10-24 Stylianos C. Despotakis , Ioannis Z. Emiris

The skewness of a graph G is the minimum number of edges in G whose removal results in a planar graph. By appropriately introducing a weight to each edge of a graph, we determine, among other thing, the skewness of the generalized Petersen…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-09-20 Gek L. Chia , Chan L. Lee , Yan Hao Ling

This paper studies questions about duality between crossings and non-crossings in graph drawings via the notions of thickness and antithickness. The "thickness" of a graph $G$ is the minimum integer $k$ such that in some drawing of $G$, the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-07-15 Vida Dujmović , David R. Wood

A $k$-page book drawing of a graph $G=(V,E)$ consists of a linear ordering of its vertices along a spine and an assignment of each edge to one of the $k$ pages, which are half-planes bounded by the spine. In a book drawing, two edges cross…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-08-31 Jonathan Klawitter , Tamara Mchedlidze , Martin Nöllenburg

In this paper, we define the $4$-girth-thickness $\theta(4,G)$ of a graph $G$ as the minimum number of planar subgraphs of girth at least $4$ whose union is $G$. We obtain the $4$-girth-thickness of the arbitrary complete graph $K_n$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-10-03 Christian Rubio-Montiel

The geometric thickness of a graph G is the minimum integer k such that there is a straight line drawing of G with its edge set partitioned into k plane subgraphs. Eppstein [Separating thickness from geometric thickness. In: Towards a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Janos Barat , Jiri Matousek , David R. Wood

Consider a drawing of a graph $G$ in the plane such that crossing edges are coloured differently. The minimum number of colours, taken over all drawings of $G$, is the classical graph parameter "thickness". By restricting the edges to be…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-06-17 Vida Dujmović , David R. Wood

We give a short, self-contained, and easily verifiable proof that determining the outerthickness of a general graph is NP-hard. This resolves a long-standing open problem on the computational complexity of outerthickness. Moreover, our…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Pin-Hsian Lee , Te-Cheng Liu , Meng-Tsung Tsai