English
Related papers

Related papers: Dense Passage Retrieval for Open-Domain Question A…

200 papers

Neural sentence embedding models for dense retrieval typically rely on binary relevance labels, treating query-document pairs as either relevant or irrelevant. However, real-world relevance often exists on a continuum, and recent advances…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Christos Tsirigotis , Vaibhav Adlakha , Joao Monteiro , Aaron Courville , Perouz Taslakian

In recent years, there have been amazing advances in deep learning methods for machine reading. In machine reading, the machine reader has to extract the answer from the given ground truth paragraph. Recently, the state-of-the-art machine…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-04-13 Phu Mon Htut , Samuel R. Bowman , Kyunghyun Cho

We propose RaDeR, a set of reasoning-based dense retrieval models trained with data derived from mathematical problem solving using large language models (LLMs). Our method leverages retrieval-augmented reasoning trajectories of an LLM and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Debrup Das , Sam O' Nuallain , Razieh Rahimi

A common thread of open-domain question answering (QA) models employs a retriever-reader pipeline that first retrieves a handful of relevant passages from Wikipedia and then peruses the passages to produce an answer. However, even…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Mingxuan Ju , Wenhao Yu , Tong Zhao , Chuxu Zhang , Yanfang Ye

Open-domain question answering remains a challenging task as it requires models that are capable of understanding questions and answers, collecting useful information, and reasoning over evidence. Previous work typically formulates this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-05-13 Jianmo Ni , Chenguang Zhu , Weizhu Chen , Julian McAuley

Establishing retrieval-based dialogue systems that can select appropriate responses from the pre-built index has gained increasing attention from researchers. For this task, the adoption of pre-trained language models (such as BERT) has led…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-04 Chongyang Tao , Jiazhan Feng , Chang Liu , Juntao Li , Xiubo Geng , Daxin Jiang

While Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit exceptional zero-shot relevance modeling, their high computational cost necessitates framing passage retrieval as a budget-constrained global optimization problem. Existing approaches passively…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Junyoung Kim , Anton Korikov , Jiazhou Liang , Justin Cui , Yifan Simon Liu , Qianfeng Wen , Mark Zhao , Scott Sanner

Retrieving relevant contexts from a large corpus is a crucial step for tasks such as open-domain question answering and fact checking. Although neural retrieval outperforms traditional methods like tf-idf and BM25, its performance degrades…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-05 Jean Maillard , Vladimir Karpukhin , Fabio Petroni , Wen-tau Yih , Barlas Oğuz , Veselin Stoyanov , Gargi Ghosh

Handling extremely large documents for question answering is challenging: chunk-based embedding methods often lose track of important global context, while full-context transformers can be prohibitively expensive for hundreds of thousands…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Weili Cao , Jianyou Wang , Youze Zheng , Longtian Bao , Qirui Zheng , Taylor Berg-Kirkpatrick , Ramamohan Paturi , Leon Bergen

Efficiently retrieving a concise set of candidates from a large document corpus remains a pivotal challenge in Information Retrieval (IR). Neural retrieval models, particularly dense retrieval models built with transformers and pretrained…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-01-01 Haitian Chen , Qingyao Ai , Xiao Wang , Yiqun Liu , Fen Lin , Qin Liu

Neural information retrieval architectures based on transformers such as BERT are able to significantly improve system effectiveness over traditional sparse models such as BM25. Though highly effective, these neural approaches are very…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Antonio Mallia , Joel Mackenzie , Torsten Suel , Nicola Tonellotto

Retrieval module can be plugged into many downstream NLP tasks to improve their performance, such as open-domain question answering and retrieval-augmented generation. The key to a retrieval system is to calculate relevance scores to query…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Lu Dai , Hao Liu , Hui Xiong

Developing a universal model that can efficiently and effectively respond to a wide range of information access requests -- from retrieval to recommendation to question answering -- has been a long-lasting goal in the information retrieval…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-04-27 Hansi Zeng , Surya Kallumadi , Zaid Alibadi , Rodrigo Nogueira , Hamed Zamani

We propose a novel open-domain question answering (ODQA) framework for answering single/multi-hop questions across heterogeneous knowledge sources. The key novelty of our method is the introduction of the intermediary modules into the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Kaixin Ma , Hao Cheng , Xiaodong Liu , Eric Nyberg , Jianfeng Gao

Open-domain Question Answering (OpenQA) is an important task in Natural Language Processing (NLP), which aims to answer a question in the form of natural language based on large-scale unstructured documents. Recently, there has been a surge…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-05-11 Fengbin Zhu , Wenqiang Lei , Chao Wang , Jianming Zheng , Soujanya Poria , Tat-Seng Chua

Dense Retrieval (DR) has achieved state-of-the-art first-stage ranking effectiveness. However, the efficiency of most existing DR models is limited by the large memory cost of storing dense vectors and the time-consuming nearest neighbor…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-10-13 Jingtao Zhan , Jiaxin Mao , Yiqun Liu , Jiafeng Guo , Min Zhang , Shaoping Ma

Dense retrieval requires high-quality text sequence embeddings to support effective search in the representation space. Autoencoder-based language models are appealing in dense retrieval as they train the encoder to output high-quality…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-17 Shuqi Lu , Di He , Chenyan Xiong , Guolin Ke , Waleed Malik , Zhicheng Dou , Paul Bennett , Tieyan Liu , Arnold Overwijk

Information retrieval systems have progressed notably from lexical techniques such as BM25 and TF-IDF to modern semantic retrievers. This survey provides a brief overview of the BM25 baseline, then discusses the architecture of modern…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Kayla Farivar

To alleviate the data scarcity problem in training question answering systems, recent works propose additional intermediate pre-training for dense passage retrieval (DPR). However, there still remains a large discrepancy between the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-13 Jiawei Zhou , Xiaoguang Li , Lifeng Shang , Lan Luo , Ke Zhan , Enrui Hu , Xinyu Zhang , Hao Jiang , Zhao Cao , Fan Yu , Xin Jiang , Qun Liu , Lei Chen

Recent developments of dense retrieval rely on quality representations of queries and contexts from pre-trained query and context encoders. In this paper, we introduce TOUR (Test-Time Optimization of Query Representations), which further…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Mujeen Sung , Jungsoo Park , Jaewoo Kang , Danqi Chen , Jinhyuk Lee