English
Related papers

Related papers: Dense Passage Retrieval for Open-Domain Question A…

200 papers

Sparse retrieval methods like BM25 are based on lexical overlap, focusing on the surface form of the terms that appear in the query and the document. The use of inverted indices in these methods leads to high retrieval efficiency. On the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-09-11 Hrishikesh Kulkarni , Nazli Goharian , Ophir Frieder , Sean MacAvaney

Passage Retrieval has traditionally relied on lexical methods like TF-IDF and BM25. Recently, some neural network models have surpassed these methods in performance. However, these models face challenges, such as the need for large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Jakub Pokrywka

This study addresses the hallucination problem in large language models (LLMs). We adopted Retrieval-Augmented Generation(RAG) (Lewis et al., 2020), a technique that involves embedding relevant information in the prompt to obtain accurate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Juhwan Lee , Jisu Kim

Large Language Model (LLM)-based passage expansion has shown promise for enhancing first-stage retrieval, but often underperforms with dense retrievers due to semantic drift and misalignment with their pretrained semantic space. Beyond…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Huanwei Xu , Lin Xu , Liang Yuan

Deep language models learning a hierarchical representation proved to be a powerful tool for natural language processing, text mining and information retrieval. However, representations that perform well for retrieval must capture semantic…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-05-24 Tolgahan Cakaloglu , Xiaowei Xu

Dense image retrieval is accurate but offers limited interpretability and attribution, and it can be compute-intensive at scale. We present \textbf{BM25-V}, which applies Okapi BM25 scoring to sparse visual-word activations from a Sparse…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Donghoon Han , Eunhwan Park , Seunghyeon Seo

Recently, dense passage retrieval has become a mainstream approach to finding relevant information in various natural language processing tasks. A number of studies have been devoted to improving the widely adopted dual-encoder…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-04-25 Ruiyang Ren , Shangwen Lv , Yingqi Qu , Jing Liu , Wayne Xin Zhao , QiaoQiao She , Hua Wu , Haifeng Wang , Ji-Rong Wen

We propose Latent Terms, a method revealing that models trained for dense retrieval, whether single- or multi-vector, learn representations that can trivially be decomposed into retrieval-ready sparse features. When trained on frozen…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Benjamin Clavié , Sean Lee , Aamir Shakir , Makoto P. Kato

Current open-domain question answering systems often follow a Retriever-Reader architecture, where the retriever first retrieves relevant passages and the reader then reads the retrieved passages to form an answer. In this paper, we propose…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-10 Yuning Mao , Pengcheng He , Xiaodong Liu , Yelong Shen , Jianfeng Gao , Jiawei Han , Weizhu Chen

A number of learned sparse and dense retrieval approaches have recently been proposed and proven effective in tasks such as passage retrieval and document retrieval. In this paper we analyze with a replicability study if the lessons learned…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-01-16 Gustavo Penha , Claudia Hauff

Although representational retrieval models based on Transformers have been able to make major advances in the past few years, and despite the widely accepted conventions and best-practices for testing such models, a $\textit{standardized}$…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-08-16 Nima Sadri

The performance of Open-Domain Question Answering (ODQA) retrieval systems can exhibit sub-optimal behavior, providing text excerpts with varying degrees of irrelevance. Unfortunately, many existing ODQA datasets lack examples specifically…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Rustam Abdumalikov , Pasquale Minervini , Yova Kementchedjhieva

Dense retrieval represents queries and documents as high-dimensional embeddings, but these representations can be redundant at the query level: for a given information need, only a subset of dimensions is consistently helpful for ranking.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Zhanyu Wu , Richong Zhang , Zhijie Nie

Generative models have recently started to outperform extractive models in Open Domain Question Answering, largely by leveraging their decoder to attend over multiple encoded passages and combining their information. However, generative…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-21 Akhil Kedia , Mohd Abbas Zaidi , Haejun Lee

Open-domain question answering (OpenQA) is an important branch of textual QA which discovers answers for the given questions based on a large number of unstructured documents. Effectively mining correct answers from the open-domain sources…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-04 Tingting Liang , Yixuan Jiang , Congying Xia , Ziqiang Zhao , Yuyu Yin , Philip S. Yu

Question answering is one of the most important and difficult applications at the border of information retrieval and natural language processing, especially when we talk about complex science questions which require some form of inference…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-05-08 George-Sebastian Pirtoaca , Traian Rebedea , Stefan Ruseti

Multimodal representations that enable cross-modal retrieval are widely used. However, these often lack interpretability making it difficult to explain the retrieved results. Solutions such as learning sparse disentangled representations…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Prachi J , Sumit Bhatia , Srikanta Bedathur

Despite the advantages of their low-resource settings, traditional sparse retrievers depend on exact matching approaches between high-dimensional bag-of-words (BoW) representations of both the queries and the collection. As a result,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-08-11 Dahlia Shehata , Negar Arabzadeh , Charles L. A. Clarke

This paper outlines a conceptual framework for understanding recent developments in information retrieval and natural language processing that attempts to integrate dense and sparse retrieval methods. I propose a representational approach…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-12-30 Jimmy Lin

Retrieval models based on dense representations in semantic space have become an indispensable branch for first-stage retrieval. These retrievers benefit from surging advances in representation learning towards compressive global…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-06 Kai Zhang , Chongyang Tao , Tao Shen , Can Xu , Xiubo Geng , Binxing Jiao , Daxin Jiang