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The electric permittivities and magnetic permeabilities for a relativistic electron gas are calculated from quantum electrodynamics at finite temperature and density as functions of temperature, chemical potential, frequency, and…
We investigate the diffusive properties of energy fluctuations in a one-dimensional diatomic chain of hard-point particles interacting through a square--well potential. The evolution of initially localized infinitesimal and finite…
Accumulation of energy by reactive elements is limited by the amplitude of time-harmonic external sources. In the steady-state regime, all incident power is fully reflected back to the source, and the stored energy does not increase in…
Magnetic reconnection has long been known to be the most important mechanism not only for mixing the plasmas by changing the magnetic field topology but also for releasing the magnetic field energy into the plasma kinetic energy. During…
Relativistic magnetically dominated turbulence is an efficient engine for particle acceleration in a collisionless plasma. Ultrarelativistic particles accelerated by interactions with turbulent fluctuations form non-thermal power-law…
Transitions from turbulence to order are studied experimentally in thin fluid layers and magnetically confined toroidal plasma. It is shown that turbulence self-organizes through the mechanism of spectral condensation. The spectral…
Calculating free energy differences is a topic of substantial interest and has many applications including molecular docking and hydration, solvation, and binding free energies which is used in computational drug discovery. However, in…
The concept of diffusion in collisionless space plasmas like those near the magnetopause and in the geomagnetic tail is reexamined from a fundamental statistical point of view making use of the division of particle orbits into waiting…
Geometric and topological bounds are obtained for the first energy level gap of a particle constrained to move on a compact surface in 3-space. Moreover, geometric properties are found which allows for stationary and uniformly distributed…
At low temperatures the configurational phase space of a macroscopic complex system (e.g., a spin-glass) of $N\sim 10^{23}$ interacting particles may split into an exponential number $\Omega_s \sim \exp({\rm const} \times N)$ of ergodic…
A microscopically resolved picture of energy flow in atom-diatom collisions is essential for understanding the non-equilibrium chemistry in rarefied and hypersonic gas flow. Here, a comprehensive ensemble of quasi-classical trajectories on…
In particle-in-cell simulations, excessive or even unfeasible computational demands can be caused by the growth of the number of particles in the course of prolific ionization or cascaded pair production due to the effects of quantum…
Energetic particles that undergo strong pitch-angle scattering and diffuse through a plasma containing strong compressible MHD turbulence undergo diffusion in momentum space with diffusion coefficient Dp. In this paper, the contribution of…
Magnetic Reconnection is an efficient and fast acceleration mechanism by means of direct electric field acceleration parallel to the magnetic field. Thus, acceleration of particles in reconnection regions is a very important topic in plasma…
We consider two models of deterministic active particles in an external potential. In the limit where the speed of a particle is fixed, both models coincide and can be formulated as a Hamiltonian system, but only if the potential is…
The paper examines the prospects of using laser plasmas for studying novel regimes of the magnetic field line reconnection and charged particle acceleration. Basic features of plasma dynamics in the three-dimensional configurations relevant…
Efficient energy transfer from electromagnetic waves to ions has been demanded to control laboratory plasmas for various applications and could be useful to understand the nature of space and astrophysical plasmas. However, there exists a…
Identifying the sources of the highest energy cosmic rays requires understanding how they are deflected by the stochastic, spatially intermittent intergalactic magnetic field. Here we report measurements of energetic charged-particle…
The energy of an elastic manifold in a random landscape at T=0 is shown numerically to obey a probability distribution that depends on size of the box it is put into. If the extent of the spatial fluctuations of the manifold is much less…
Energetic particles spectra at interplanetary shocks often exhibit a power law within a narrow momentum range softening at higher energy. We introduce a transport equation accounting for particle acceleration and escape with diffusion…