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Hadron spectra and elliptic flow in high-energy heavy-ion collisions are studied within a (3+1)D ideal hydrodynamic model with fluctuating initial conditions given by the AMPT Monte Carlo model. Results from event-by-event simulations are…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2012-09-20 Longgang Pang , Qun Wang , Xin-Nian Wang

Using viscous relativistic hydrodynamics we show that systematic studies of the impact parameter dependence of the eccentricity scaled elliptic flow can distinguish between different models for the calculation of the initial source…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2009-12-30 Ulrich W. Heinz , J. Scott Moreland , Huichao Song

Flow observables in heavy-ion reactions at incident energies up to about 1 GeV per nucleon have been shown to be very useful for investigating the reaction dynamics and for determining the parameters of reaction models based on transport…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2014-03-25 P. Russotto , M. D. Cozma , A. Le Fevre , Y. Leifels , R. Lemmon , Q. Li , J. Lukasik , W. Trautmann

The elliptic flow in collisions of neutron-rich heavy-ion systems at intermediate energies emerges as an observable sensitive to the strength of the symmetry energy at supra-saturation densities. First results obtained by comparing ratios…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2014-02-06 W. Trautmann , H. H. Wolter

Collisions of isobar nuclei, those with the same mass number but different structure parameters, provide a new way to probe the initial condition of the heavy ion collisions. Using transport model simulation of $^{96}$Ru+$^{96}$Ru and…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2024-10-10 Somadutta Bhatta , Chunjian Zhang , Jiangyong Jia

We exploit the concept of hydrodynamic attractors to establish a general relation between the initial state energy and the produced particle multiplicities in high-energy nuclear collisions. When combined with an ab initio model of energy…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-01-01 Giuliano Giacalone , Aleksas Mazeliauskas , Sören Schlichting

We carry out a combined analysis of elliptic and triangular flow data using viscous relativistic hydrodynamics. We show that these data allow to put tight constraints on models of the early dynamics of a nucleus-nucleus collision.…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2014-01-10 Ekaterina Retinskaya , Matthew Luzum , Jean-Yves Ollitrault

Collective flow observed in heavy ion collisions is largely attributed to initial geometrical fluctuations, and it is the hydrodynamic evolution of the system that transforms those initial spatial irregularities into final state momentum…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-06-16 Wei-Liang Qian , Philipe Mota , Rone Andrade , Fernando Gardim , Frederique Grassi , Yogiro Hama , Takeshi Kodama

In this work, we study the two-particle correlations regarding a peripheral tube model. From our perspective, the main characteristics of the observed two-particle correlations are attributed to the multiplicity fluctuations and the locally…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2019-03-27 Dan Wen , Wagner M. Castilho , Kai Lin , Wei-Liang Qian , Yogiro Hama , Takeshi Kodama

We investigate the rapidity dependence of the elliptical flow in heavy ion collisions at 200 GeV (cms), by employing a three-dimensional hydrodynamic evolution, based on different initial conditions, and different freeze-out scenarios. It…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-05-13 K. Werner , T. Hirano , Iu. Karpenko , T. Pierog , S. Porteboeuf , M. Bleicher , S. Haussler

Deuterons with different polarization states have distinct shapes for their wavefunctions. This offers a unique opportunity to experimentally control the initial-state collision geometry with the polarization of the light-ion targets in…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2025-09-23 Heikki Mäntysaari , Björn Schenke , Chun Shen , Wenbin Zhao

We study the origin of the directed flow of charged particles produced in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Three different initial conditions, Boz$\dot{\textrm{e}}$k-Wyskiel, CCNU and Shen-Alzhrani, of energy density distributions are…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-03-04 Ze-Fang Jiang , Shanshan Cao , Xiang-Yu Wu , C. B. Yang , Ben-Wei Zhang

The rapidity dependence of the initial energy density in heavy-ion collisions is calculated from a three-dimensional McLerran-Venugopalan model (3dMVn) introduced by Lam and Mahlon. This model is infrared safe since global color neutrality…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2014-03-12 Sener Ozonder , Rainer J. Fries

The analysis of anisotropic flow of particles created in high energy heavy-ion collisions gives insight into the early stage of these reactions. Measurements of directed flow (v1), elliptic flow (v2) and flow of 4th and 6th order (v4 and…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2019-08-14 Markus D. Oldenburg

Experimental data from the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) suggests that the quark gluon plasma behaves almost like an ideal fluid. Due to its short lifetime, many QGP properties can only be inferred indirectly through a comparison…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-06-03 Hannah Petersen , Rolando La Placa , Steffen A. Bass

It is frequently supposed that quark-gluon plasma created in heavy-ion collisions undergoes free streaming at early times. We examine this issue based on the assumption that a universal attractor dominates the dynamics already at the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2021-10-27 Jakub Jankowski , Syo Kamata , Mauricio Martinez , Michał Spaliński

The effects of fluctuating initial conditions are studied in the context of relativistic heavy ion collisions where a rapidly evolving system is formed. Two particle correlation analysis is applied to events generated with the NEXSPHERIO…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2014-11-18 J. Takahashi , B. M. Tavares , W. L. Qian , R. Andrade , F. Grassi , Y. Hama , T. Kodama , N. Xu

We compute the longitudinal hydrodynamic flow in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 5500 GeV by using boost non-invariant initial conditions following from perturbative QCD. The transfer of entropy and energy from the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2011-09-13 K. J. Eskola , K. Kajantie , P. V. Ruuskanen

Traditionally, events collected at relativistic heavy-ion colliders are classified according to some centrality estimator (e.g. the number of produced charged particles) related to the initial energy density and volume of the system. In a…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2019-06-26 A. Beraudo , A. De Pace , M. Monteno , M. Nardi , F. Prino

We use a hydrodynamic model to study the space-time evolution transverse to the beam direction in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions with nonzero impact parameters. We focus on the influence of early pressure on the development of…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2009-10-09 P. F. Kolb , J. Sollfrank , P. V. Ruuskanen , U. Heinz