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This is the final part of a series of papers where we study perturbations of divergence form second order elliptic operators $-\operatorname{div} A \nabla$ by first and zero order terms, whose complex coefficients lie in critical spaces,…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2023-02-07 Simon Bortz , Steve Hofmann , José Luis Luna Garcia , Svitlana Mayboroda , Bruno Poggi

We study the conformal bootstrap for systems of correlators involving non-identical operators. The constraints of crossing symmetry and unitarity for such mixed correlators can be phrased in the language of semidefinite programming. We…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-12-05 Filip Kos , David Poland , David Simmons-Duffin

In an arbitrary unitary 4D CFT we consider a scalar operator \phi, and the operator \phi^2 defined as the lowest dimension scalar which appears in the OPE \phi\times\phi with a nonzero coefficient. Using general considerations of OPE,…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2011-03-02 Riccardo Rattazzi , Vyacheslav S. Rychkov , Erik Tonni , Alessandro Vichi

We study the implications of modular invariance on 2d CFT partition functions with abelian or non-abelian currents when chemical potentials for the charges are turned on, i.e. when the partition functions are "flavored". We begin with a new…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-05-08 Ethan Dyer , A. Liam Fitzpatrick , Yuan Xin

We derive a bound on the conformal dimensions of the lightest few states in general unitary 2d conformal field theories with discrete spectra using modular invariance, including CFTs with chiral currents. We derive a bound on the conformal…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-08-04 Joshua D. Qualls

We study four-dimensional conformal field theories (CFTs) with an abelian $U(1)$ global symmetry using the conformal bootstrap approach. We obtain numerical bounds on the scaling dimensions of low-lying operators, the stress-tensor central…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-12-25 Denis Karateev , Petr Kravchuk , Andrea Manenti , Marten Reehorst , Alessandro Vichi

We implement methods that efficiently impose integrality -- i.e., the condition that the coefficients of characters in the partition function must be integers -- into numerical modular bootstrap. We demonstrate the method with a number of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-08-21 A. Liam Fitzpatrick , Wei Li

In the context of variable exponent Lebesgue spaces equipped with a lower Ahlfors measure we obtain weighted norm inequalities over bounded domains for the centered fractional maximal function and the fractional integral operator.

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2009-07-31 Osvaldo Gorosito , Gladis Pradolini , Oscar Salinas

We study constraints coming from the modular invariance of the partition function of two-dimensional conformal field theories. We constrain the spectrum of CFTs in the presence of holomorphic and anti-holomorphic currents using the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-11-05 Jin-Beom Bae , Sungjay Lee , Jaewon Song

In this paper, we derive the $L^p$-boundedness of the variation operators associated with the heat semigroup which is generated by the high order Schr\"odinger type operator $(-\Delta)^2+V^2$. Further more, we prove the boundedness of the…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2019-06-13 Suying Liu , Chao Zhang

Let $(X,d,\mu)$ be a metric space with doubling measure and $L$ be a nonnegative self-adjoint operator on $L^2(X)$ whose heat kernel satisfies the Gaussian upper bound. We assume that there exists an $L$-harmonic function $h$ such that the…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2024-10-03 Peng Chen , Xixi Lin , Liangchuan Wu , Lixin Yan

We introduce a new numerical algorithm based on semidefinite programming to efficiently compute bounds on operator dimensions, central charges, and OPE coefficients in 4D conformal and N=1 superconformal field theories. Using our algorithm,…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-07-31 David Poland , David Simmons-Duffin , Alessandro Vichi

We present a systematic exploration of conformal field theories (CFTs) constrained by duality-inspired fusion rules using the conformal bootstrap. We classify the operator spectrum into three sectors: $[\sigma]$, $[\epsilon]$, and $[1]$.…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-05-20 Yu Nakayama , Toshiki Onagi

Using the numerical modular bootstrap, we constrain the space of 1+1d CFTs with a finite non-invertible global symmetry described by a fusion category $\mathcal{C}$. We derive universal and rigorous upper bounds on the lightest…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-07-12 Ying-Hsuan Lin , Shu-Heng Shao

We extend the work of Hellerman (arxiv:0902.2790) to derive an upper bound on the conformal dimension $\Delta_2$ of the next-to-lowest nontrival primary operator in unitary two-dimensional conformal field theories without chiral primary…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-18 Joshua D. Qualls , Alfred D. Shapere

This paper investigates realisations of elliptic differential operators of general order on manifolds with boundary following the approach of B\"ar-Ballmann to first order elliptic operators. The space of possible boundary values of…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2023-04-21 Lashi Bandara , Magnus Goffeng , Hemanth Saratchandran

We present a practical and powerful new framework for both unconstrained and constrained submodular function optimization based on discrete semidifferentials (sub- and super-differentials). The resulting algorithms, which repeatedly compute…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2013-08-13 Rishabh Iyer , Stefanie Jegelka , Jeff Bilmes

We study two-dimensional conformal field theories (CFTs) with boundaries via the conformal bootstrap. We derive a positive semi-definite program from crossing symmetry of three observables: the annulus partition function, the two-point…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-06-24 Marco Meineri , Bharathkumar Radhakrishnan

We study the existence of Feller semigroups arising in the theory of multidimensional diffusion processes. We study bounded perturbations of elliptic operators with boundary conditions containing an integral over the closure of the domain…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2014-05-05 Pavel Gurevich

We study operators with large internal charge in boundary conformal field theories (BCFTs) with internal symmetries. Using the state-operator correspondence and the existence of a macroscopic limit, we find a non-trivial relation between…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-11-03 Gabriel Cuomo , Márk Mezei , Avia Raviv-Moshe