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When the QCD axion is absent in full theory, the strong $CP$ problem has to be explained by an additional mechanism, e.g., the left-right symmetry. Even though tree-level QCD $\bar\theta$ parameter is restricted by the mechanism, radiative…
Constructive interference among coherent waves traveling time-reversed paths in a random medium gives rise to the enhancement of light scattering observed in directions close to backscattering. This phenomenon is known as enhanced…
Two-particle correlations at small relative momenta give insight into the size of the emitting source. Of particular interest is the test of hydrodynamic models which predict a universal, apparent decrease of the extent of the system with…
Purpose: To investigate the validity of two Monte Carlo simulation absolute dosimetry approaches in the case of a small field dedicated `D'-shaped collimator used for the retinoblastoma treatment with external photon beam radiotherapy.…
Modelling the inelastic scattering of electrons in water is fundamental, given their crucial role in biological damage. In Monte Carlo track-structure codes used to assess biological damage, the energy loss function, from which cross…
[abridged] We constrain a phenomenological dark radiation (DR) framework consisting of free-streaming and fluid-like components, providing a model-independent extension of the standard radiation sector. Using Planck CMB data, DESI DR2 BAO…
We have investigated the basic statistics of the cosmological dispersion measure (DM) -- such as its mean, variance, probability distribution, angular power spectrum and correlation function -- using the state-of-the-art hydrodynamic…
In recent years, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have experienced an increasing interest in their ability to perform a fast approximation of effective hydrodynamic parameters in porous media research and applications. This paper…
Learning-based radio map estimation (RME) plays a critical role in UAV-assisted wireless sensing, enabling tasks such as coverage prediction and network optimization. Most current methods assume an independently and identically distributed…
Background: A relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of 1.1 is used for proton therapy though clinical evidence of varying RBE was raised. Clinical studies on RBE variability have been conducted for decades for carbon radiation, which…
We analyze the frequency dependence of the dispersion measure (DM), the column density of free electrons to a pulsar, caused by multipath scattering from small scale electron-density fluctuations. The DM is slightly different along each…
Volume limitations and low yield thresholds of biological fluids have led to widespread use of passive microparticle rheology. The mean-squared-displacement (MSD) statistics of bead position time series (bead paths) are either applied…
We investigate the medium modifications of momentum splitting fraction and groomed jet radius with both dynamical grooming and soft drop algorithms in heavy-ion collisions. In the calculation, the partonic spectrum of initial hard…
We consider the linear regression problem of estimating a $p$-dimensional vector $\beta$ from $n$ observations $Y = X \beta + W$, where $\beta_j \stackrel{\text{i.i.d.}}{\sim} \pi$ for a real-valued distribution $\pi$ with zero mean and…
A model for beam customization with collimators and a range-compensating filter based on the phase-space theory for beam transport is presented for dose distribution calculation in treatment planning of radiotherapy with protons and heavier…
$\mathrm{^{117m}Sn}$ and $\mathrm{^{119}Sb}$, the latter of which is produced via a $\mathrm{^{119m}Te}$ generator, are promising radionuclides for the targeted treatment of both osteoarthritis and small mass tumors via Auger therapy.…
Diffusive random walks feature the surprising property that the average length of all possible random trajectories that enter and exit a finite domain is determined solely by the domain boundary. Changes in the diffusion constant or the…
Carbon-ion radiotherapy (CIRT) is generally evaluated with the dose weighted by relative biological effectiveness (RBE), while the radiation quality varying in the body of each patient is ignored for lack of such distribution. In this…
The interest in the extracellular vesicles (EVs) is rapidly growing as they became reliable biomarkers for many diseases. For this reason, fast and accurate techniques of EVs size characterization are the matter of utmost importance. One…
A model for the motion of ring-shaped DNA in a gel is introduced and studied by numerical simulations and a mean-field approximation. The ring motion is mediated by finger-shaped loops (hernias) that move in an amoeba-like fashion around…