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Lorentz invariant derivative interactions for a single spin-2 field are investigated, up to the cubic order. We start from the most general Lorentz invariant terms involving two spacetime derivatives, which are polynomials in the spin-2…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-09-17 Xian Gao

In this paper, we examine the modal aspects of higher groups in Shulman's Cohesive Homotopy Type Theory. We show that every higher group sits within a modal fracture hexagon which renders it into its discrete, infinitesimal, and…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2025-05-06 David Jaz Myers

The field theory Galilean symmetry, which was introduced in the context of modified gravity, gives a neat way to construct Lorentz-covariant theories of a scalar field, such that the equations of motion contain at most second-order…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2011-02-22 Antonio Padilla , Paul M. Saffin , Shuang-Yong Zhou

The Schwarzian derivative plays a fundamental role in complex analysis, differential equations, and modular forms. In this paper, we investigate its higher-order generalizations, known as higher Schwarzians, and their connections to…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-02-17 Hicham Saber , Abdellah Sebbar

In this paper I shall consider various possible scalar-vector-tensor field theories which might be used to describe the Universe. After imposing numerous constraints of a physical and mathematical nature on the theories under consideration,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-04-02 Gregory W. Horndeski

The Lagrangian formalism for tensor fields over differentiable manifolds with contravariant and covariant affine connections (whose components differ not only by sign) and metrics [$(\bar{L}_n,g)$-spaces] is considered. The functional…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 S. Manoff

Motivated by obtaining a consistent mathematical description for the radiation reaction of point charged particles in linear classical electrodynamics, a theory of generalized higher order tensors and differential forms is introduced. The…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2013-09-20 Ricardo Gallego Torromé

The quantum correlations of scalar fields are examined as a power series in derivatives. Recursive algebraic equations are derived and determine the amplitudes; all loop integrations are performed. This recursion contains the same…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Gordon Chalmers

A necessary condition for a generally covariant scalar-tensor theory to be ghostfree is that it contains no extra degrees of freedom in the unitary gauge, in which the Lagrangian corresponds to the spatially covariant gravity. Comparing…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-02-23 Yu-Min Hu , Xian Gao

This is the third part of a series of articles providing a foundation for the theory of Drinfeld modular forms of arbitrary rank. In the present article we construct and study some examples of Drinfeld modular forms. In particular we define…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2018-06-01 Dirk Basson , Florian Breuer , Richard Pink

In this article we construct examples of derivations in matrix semirings. We study hereditary and inner derivations, derivatives of diagonal, triangular, Toeplitz, circulant matrices and of matrices of other forms and prove theorems for…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2018-01-17 Dimitrinka Vladeva

We use scalar-field Lagrangians with a non-canonical kinetic term to obtain unified dark matter models where both the dark matter and the dark energy, the latter mimicking a cosmological constant, are described by the scalar field itself.…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-07-13 Daniele Bertacca , Nicola Bartolo , Antonaldo Diaferio , Sabino Matarrese

We consider the variational complex on infinite jet space and the complex of variational derivatives for Lagrangians of multidimensional paths and study relations between them. The discussion of the variational (bi)complex is set up in…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2009-11-07 Hovhannes Khudaverdian , Theodore Voronov

The general second-order massive field equations for arbitrary positive integer spin in three spacetime dimensions, and their "self-dual" limit to first-order equations, are shown to be equivalent to gauge-invariant higher-derivative field…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-04-22 Eric A. Bergshoeff , Olaf Hohm , Paul K. Townsend

We explicitly describe the Lie algebras $M_L$ of ladder matrices in $M_n$ associate with dominant upper triangular ladders $L$, and completely characterize the derivations of these $M_L$ over a field $F$ with $char(F) \neq 2$. We also…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2015-11-30 Prakash Ghimire , Huajun Huang

A new class of N=2 locally supersymmetric higher-derivative invariants is constructed based on logarithms of conformal primary chiral superfields. They characteristically involve a coupling to R_{\mu\nu}^2 - 1/3*R^2, which equals the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-16 Daniel Butter , Bernard de Wit , Sergei M. Kuzenko , Ivano Lodato

As an alternative to the covariant Ostrogradski method, we show that higher-derivative relativistic Lagrangian field theories can be reduced to second differential-order by writing them directly as covariant two-derivative theories…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 F. J. de Urries , J. Julve , Eduardo J. S. Villaseñor

We build a toy model of differential geometry on the real line, which includes derivatives of the second order. Such construction is possible only within the framework of noncommutative geometry. We introduce the metric and briefly discuss…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-28 Andrzej Sitarz

We investigate three-form gauge theories with higher derivative interactions and their supersymmetric extensions in four space-time dimensions. For the bosonic three-form gauge theories, we show that derivatives on the field strength of the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-10-30 Muneto Nitta , Ryo Yokokura

We take a categorical approach to describe ternary derivations and ternary automorphisms of triangular algebras. New classes of automorphisms and derivations of triangular algebras are also introduced and studied.