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Artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare has the potential to improve patient outcomes, but clinician acceptance remains a critical barrier. We developed a novel decision support interface that provides interpretable treatment…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-02-02 Venkatesh Sivaraman , Leigh A. Bukowski , Joel Levin , Jeremy M. Kahn , Adam Perer

Novel diagnostic and therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals are increasingly becoming a central part of personalized medicine. Continued innovation in the development of new radiopharmaceuticals is key to sustained growth and advancement of…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2021-08-06 Bahar Ataeinia , Pedram Heidari

The synchronic and diachronic study of the evolution of Artificial Intelligence (AI) unveils one prominent fact that its effect can be traced in almost all fields such as healthcare industry. The growth is perceived holistically in…

Although artificial intelligence (AI) shows growing promise for mental health care, current approaches to evaluating AI tools in this domain remain fragmented and poorly aligned with clinical practice, social context, and first-hand user…

Vision- and hearing-threatening diseases cause preventable disability, especially in resource-constrained settings(RCS) with few specialists and limited screening setup. Large scale AI-assisted screening and telehealth has potential to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Mahesh Shakya , Bijay Adhikari , Nirsara Shrestha , Bipin Koirala , Arun Adhikari , Prasanta Poudyal , Luna Mathema , Sarbagya Buddhacharya , Bijay Khatri , Bishesh Khanal

The astounding success made by artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare and other fields proves that AI can achieve human-like performance. However, success always comes with challenges. Deep learning algorithms are data-dependent and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-25 Johann Li , Guangming Zhu , Cong Hua , Mingtao Feng , BasheerBennamoun , Ping Li , Xiaoyuan Lu , Juan Song , Peiyi Shen , Xu Xu , Lin Mei , Liang Zhang , Syed Afaq Ali Shah , Mohammed Bennamoun

Companies dealing with Artificial Intelligence (AI) models in Autonomous Systems (AS) face several problems, such as users' lack of trust in adverse or unknown conditions, gaps between software engineering and AI model development, and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-04-26 Silverio Martínez-Fernández , Xavier Franch , Andreas Jedlitschka , Marc Oriol , Adam Trendowicz

Software systems are increasingly relying on Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) components. The emerging popularity of AI techniques in various application domains attracts malicious actors and adversaries. Therefore,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-22 Mohamad Fazelnia , Igor Khokhlov , Mehdi Mirakhorli

Large language model (LLM)-based AI agents are increasingly capable of complex clinical reasoning and may soon participate in medical decision-making with limited or no real-time human oversight. This shift raises fundamental questions…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Tom Bisson , Henriette Voelker , Sanddhya Jayabalan , A John Iafrate , Jakob N Kather , Jochen K Lennerz

Over the past ten years, the application of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) in engineering domains has gained significant popularity, showcasing their potential in data-driven contexts. However, the complexity and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Jay Lee , Hanqi Su , Dai-Yan Ji , Takanobu Minami

The advent of foundation models (FMs) as an emerging suite of AI techniques has struck a wave of opportunities in computational healthcare. The interactive nature of these models, guided by pre-training data and human instructions, has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Yunkun Zhang , Jin Gao , Zheling Tan , Lingfeng Zhou , Kexin Ding , Mu Zhou , Shaoting Zhang , Dequan Wang

Large language models have demonstrated remarkable performance in a wide range of medical benchmarks. Yet underneath the seemingly promising results lie salient growth areas, especially in cutting-edge frontiers such as multimodal…

The increasing deployment of artificial intelligence (AI) in clinical settings challenges foundational assumptions underlying traditional frameworks of medical evidence. Classical statistical approaches, centered on randomized controlled…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-01-07 Richik Chakraborty

In healthcare, AI techniques are widely used for tasks like risk assessment and anomaly detection. Despite AI's potential as a valuable assistant, its role in complex medical data analysis often oversimplifies human-AI collaboration…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Yang Ouyang , Chenyang Zhang , He Wang , Tianle Ma , Chang Jiang , Yuheng Yan , Zuoqin Yan , Xiaojuan Ma , Chuhan Shi , Quan Li

While the increased use of AI in the manufacturing sector has been widely noted, there is little understanding on the risks that it may raise in a manufacturing organisation. Although various high level frameworks and definitions have been…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Alexandra Brintrup , George Baryannis , Ashutosh Tiwari , Svetan Ratchev , Giovanna Martinez-Arellano , Jatinder Singh

Large language models have proliferated across multiple domains in as short period of time. There is however hesitation in the medical and healthcare domain towards their adoption because of issues like factuality, coherence, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-06 Muhammad Aurangzeb Ahmad , Ilker Yaramis , Taposh Dutta Roy

In this report a framework for the collection of clinical images and data for use when training and validating artificial intelligence (AI) tools is described. The report contains not only information about the collection of the images and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-07 Alistair Mackenzie , Mark Halling-Brown , Ruben van Engen , Carlijn Roozemond , Lucy Warren , Dominic Ward , Nadia Smith

In high stakes organizational contexts like healthcare, artificial intelligence (AI) systems are increasingly being designed to augment complex coordination tasks. This paper investigates how the ethical stakes of such systems are shaped by…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Anand Bhardwaj , Samer Faraj

The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into medical applications has sparked widespread interest across the healthcare industry, from drug discovery and development to clinical decision support, assisting telemedicine, medical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Zifeng Wang , Hanyin Wang , Benjamin Danek , Ying Li , Christina Mack , Hoifung Poon , Yajuan Wang , Pranav Rajpurkar , Jimeng Sun

As e-commerce rapidly integrates artificial intelligence for content creation and product recommendations, these technologies offer significant benefits in personalization and efficiency. AI-driven systems automate product descriptions,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Aditi Madhusudan Jain , Ayush Jain