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Related papers: Simons Observatory Microwave SQUID Multiplexing Re…

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We describe the newest generation of the SLAC Microresonator RF (SMuRF) electronics, a warm digital control and readout system for microwave-frequency resonator-based cryogenic detector and multiplexer systems such as microwave SQUID…

The Simons Observatory will consist of a single large (6 m diameter) telescope and a number of smaller (0.5 m diameter) refracting telescopes designed to measure the polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background to unprecedented accuracy.…

We present the on-site rotation performance of the first three cryogenic continuously rotating half-wave plate (HWP) polarization modulators for the Simons Observatory small aperture telescopes (SATs). The SATs operate at an altitude of…

For cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization observations, calibration of detector polarization angles is essential. We have developed a fully remote controlled calibration system with a sparse wire grid that reflects linearly…

Recent advances in the development of cryogenic particle detectors such as magnetic microcalorimeters (MMCs) allow the fabrication of sensor arrays with an increasing number of pixels. Since these detectors must be operated at the lowest…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-10-22 T. Muscheid , R. Gartmann , N. Karcher , F. Schuderer , M. Neidig , L. E. Ardila-Perez , M. Balzer , S. Kempf , O. Sander

We describe an on-sky demonstration of a microwave-multiplexing readout system in one of the receivers of the Keck Array, a polarimetry experiment observing the cosmic microwave background at the South Pole. During the austral summer of…

The Simons Observatory (SO) is a suite of telescopes located in the Atacama Desert in Chile that will make sensitive measurements of the cosmic microwave background. There are a host of cosmological and astrophysical questions that SO is…

The Simons Observatory (SO) will observe the temperature and polarization anisotropies of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) over a wide range of frequencies (27 to 270 GHz) and angular scales by using both small (0.5 m) and large (6 m)…

The Simons Observatory (SO) is a cosmic microwave background experiment composed of three 0.42 m Small Aperture Telescopes (SATs) and one 6 m Large Aperture Telescope (LAT) in the Atacama Desert of Chile. The Large Aperture Telescope…

We present the design and laboratory evaluation of a cryogenic continuously rotating half-wave plate (CHWP) for the POLARBEAR-2b (PB-2b) cosmic microwave background (CMB) receiver, the second installment of the Simons Array. PB-2b will…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-12-17 C. A. Hill , A. Kusaka , P. Ashton , P. Barton , T. Adkins , K. Arnold , B. Bixler , S. Ganjam , A. T. Lee , F. Matsuda , T. Matsumura , Y. Sakurai , R. Tat , Y. Zhou

We present the design methodology and characterization of a superconducting magnetic bearing (SMB) system for the polarization modulator in the SAT-LF, one of the small aperture telescopes (SATs) in the Simons Observatory (SO) that is…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-31 Daichi Sasaki , Junna Sugiyama , Kyohei Yamada , Bryce Bixler , Yuki Sakurai , Kam Arnold , Bradley R. Johnson , Akito Kusaka

Transition-edge sensor (TES) bolometers are broadly used for background-limited astrophysical measurements from the far-infrared to mm-waves. Many planned future instruments require increasingly large detector arrays, but their scalability…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-16 John C. Groh , Zeeshan Ahmed , Shawn W. Henderson , Johannes Hubmayr , John A. B. Mates , Maximiliano Silva-Feaver , Joel Ullom , Cyndia Yu

The Simons Observatory aims to field 70,000 Transition-Edge Sensor (TES) bolometers to measure the Cosmic Microwave Background. With so many detectors, rapid but accurate validation of their properties prior to their integration into…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2023-06-21 Rita F. Sonka , Shannon M. Duff , Daniel Dutcher , Suzanne T. Staggs

The readout of transition-edge sensor (TES) bolometers with a large multiplexing factor is key for the next generation Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) experiment, Polarbear-2, having 7,588 TES bolometers. To enable the large arrays, we…

A microwave SQUID multiplexer ($\mu$MUX) has been optimized for coupling to large arrays of superconducting transition-edge sensor (TES) bolometers. We present the scalable cryogenic multiplexer chip design in a 1820-channel multiplexer…

The upcoming Simons Observatory (SO) Small Aperture Telescopes aim at observing the degree-scale anisotropies of the polarized CMB to constrain the primordial tensor-to-scalar ratio $r$ at the level of $\sigma(r=0)\lesssim0.003$ to probe…

Large arrays of cryogenic sensors for various imaging applications ranging across x-ray, gamma-ray, Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB), mm/sub-mm, as well as particle detection increasingly rely on superconducting microresonators for high…

We present a hybrid microwave SQUID multiplexer that combines two frequency-division multiplexing techniques to allow multiplexing a given number of cryogenic detectors with only a fraction of frequency encoding resonators. Similar to…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2022-05-04 Constantin Schuster , Mathias Wegner , Christian Enss , Sebastian Kempf