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Topological spin liquids can be described by topological gauge theories with global symmetry. Due to the presence of both nontrivial bulk deconfined gauge fluxes and global symmetry, topological spin liquids are examples of the so-called…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2018-03-19 Peng Ye

We study the classification of interacting fermionic and bosonic symmetry protected topological (SPT) states. We define a SPT state as whether or not it is separated from the trivial state through a bulk phase transition, which is a general…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2015-05-18 Yi-Zhuang You , Cenke Xu

Gapped interfaces (and boundaries) of two-dimensional (2D) Abelian topological phases are shown to support a remarkably rich sequence of 1D symmetry-protected topological (SPT) states. We show that such interfaces can provide a physical…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2018-08-24 Luiz H. Santos , Jennifer Cano , Michael Mulligan , Taylor L. Hughes

The challenge of identifying symmetry-protected topological states (SPTs) is due to their lack of symmetry-breaking order parameters and intrinsic topological orders. For this reason, it is impossible to formulate SPTs under Ginzburg-Landau…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2017-05-24 Juven Wang , Zheng-Cheng Gu , Xiao-Gang Wen

Symmetry fractionalization (SF) on topological excitations is one of the most remarkable quantum phenomena in topological orders with symmetry, i.e., symmetry-enriched topological phases. While much progress has been theoretically and…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2022-05-31 Shang-Qiang Ning , Zheng-Xin Liu , Peng Ye

We classify subsystem symmetry-protected topological (SSPT) phases in $3+1$D protected by planar subsystem symmetries, which are dual to abelian fracton topological orders. We distinguish between weak SSPTs, which can be constructed by…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2020-09-01 Trithep Devakul , Wilbur Shirley , Juven Wang

Quantum entanglement is a particularly useful characterization of topological orders which lack conventional order parameters. In this work, we study the entanglement in topologically ordered states between two arbitrary spatial regions,…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2023-08-01 Chao Yin , Shang Liu

Topology in quantum matter is typically associated with gapped phases. For example, in symmetry protected topological (SPT) phases, the bulk energy gap localizes edge modes near the boundary. In this work we identify a new mechanism that…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2021-08-25 Ryan Thorngren , Ashvin Vishwanath , Ruben Verresen

Symmetry plays a fundamental role in understanding complex quantum matter, particularly in classifying topological quantum phases, which have attracted great interests in the recent decade. An outstanding example is the time-reversal…

The local Lie algebra of the Standard Model (SM) is $su(3)\times su(2) \times u(1)$, yet its global gauge group, $G_{{\rm SM}_{\rm q}}=$SU(3)$\times$SU(2)$\times$U(1)/$\mathbb{Z}_{\rm q}$, q$=1,2,3,6$ remains undetermined. Building on…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-04-07 Zheyan Wan , Juven Wang , Yi-Zhuang You

We have applied the recently developed theory of topological Uhlmann numbers to a representative model of a topological insulator in two dimensions, the Qi-Wu-Zhang model. We have found a stable symmetry-protected topological (SPT) phase…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2015-07-01 O. Viyuela , A. Rivas , M. A. Martin-Delgado

Quantum phases with different orders exist with or without breaking the symmetry of the system. Recently, a classification of gapped quantum phases which do not break time reversal, parity or on-site unitary symmetry has been given for 1D…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2013-05-29 Xie Chen , Zheng-Cheng Gu , Xiao-Gang Wen

Symmetry topological field theory (SymTFT), or topological holography, offers a unifying framework for describing quantum phases of matter and phase transitions between them. While this approach has seen remarkable success in describing…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-10-03 Marvin Qi , Ramanjit Sohal , Xie Chen , David T. Stephen , Abhinav Prem

Symmetry-protected topological phases (SPTs) characterized by short-range entanglement include many states essential to understanding of topological condensed matter physics, and the extension to gapless SPTs provides essential…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-04-02 R. Flores-Calderón , Elio J. König , Ashley M. Cook

We propose the Symmetry TFT for theories with a $U(1)$ symmetry in arbitrary dimension. The Symmetry TFT describes the structure of the symmetry, its anomalies, and the possible topological manipulations. It is constructed as a BF theory of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-03-03 Andrea Antinucci , Francesco Benini

We develop a general framework for studying phases of mixed states with strong and weak symmetries, including non-invertible or categorical symmetries. The central idea is to consider a purification of the mixed state density matrix, which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-09 Sakura Schafer-Nameki , Apoorv Tiwari , Alison Warman , Carolyn Zhang

Discovering and categorizing quantum orders in mixed many-body systems are currently one of the most important problems. Target model in this study is an extended version of the cluster model in one dimension with $Z_2\otimes Z_2$ symmetry,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-02 Yoshihito Kuno , Takahiro Orito , Ikuo Ichinose

Recently, it was realized that anomalies can be completely classified by topological orders, symmetry protected topological (SPT) orders, and symmetry enriched topological orders in one higher dimension. The anomalies that people used to…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2019-11-06 Wenjie Ji , Xiao-Gang Wen

We present an exactly solvable model for one-dimensional symmetry-protected topological phases with $\mathbb{Z}_N\times\mathbb{Z}_N$ symmetry. The model works by binding point topological defects (domain walls) of one symmetry to charges of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2014-10-08 Scott D. Geraedts , Olexei I. Motrunich

The subject of this paper is the phase transition between symmetry protected topological states (SPTs). We consider spatial dimension $d$ and symmetry group $G$ so that the cohomology group, $H^{d+1}(G,U(1))$, contains at least one $Z_{2n}$…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2015-07-30 Lokman Tsui , Hong-Chen Jiang , Yuan-Ming Lu , Dung-Hai Lee