Related papers: Hydrodynamic attractors in phase space
The hydrodynamic attractors paradigm aims to explain the applicability of hydrodynamics after a very short timescale in ultra-relativistic nuclear collisions at RHIC and LHC in terms of the emergence of universal behavior across different…
One of the many physical questions that have emerged from studies of heavy-ion collisions at RHIC and the LHC concerns the validity of hydrodynamic modelling at the very early stages, when the Quark-Gluon Plasma system produced is still far…
Hydrodynamic attractors are a universal phenomenon of strongly interacting systems that describe the hydrodynamic-like evolution far from local equilibrium. In particular, the rapid hydrodynamization of the Quark-Gluon Plasma is behind the…
The hydrodynamic attractor is a concept that describes universal equilibration behavior in which systems lose microscopic details before hydrodynamics becomes applicable. We propose a setup to observe hydrodynamic attractors in ultracold…
We clarify the connection between attractor solutions known from studies of Bjorken flow in conformal models of relativistic fluid dynamics and the more general description of attractors as submanifolds in phase space. We show how to…
A review of the recent progress of relativistic hydrodynamic attractors is presented, with a focus on applications in heavy ion collisions and the quark gluon plasma. Pedagogical introductions to the effective descriptions relevant for…
We derive the general analytical solution of the viscous hydrodynamic equations for an ultrarelativistic gas of hard spheres undergoing Bjorken expansion, taking into account effects from particle number conservation, and use it to…
We find the general analytical solution of the viscous relativistic hydrodynamic equations (in the absence of bulk viscosity and chemical potential) for a Bjorken expanding fluid with a constant shear viscosity relaxation time. We…
We study universal features of the hydrodynamization process in heavy-ion collisions using QCD kinetic theory simulations for a wide range of couplings. We introduce the new concept of limiting attractors, which are obtained by…
The Boltzmann equation is solved in the relaxation time approximation using a hierarchy of angular moments of the distribution function. Our solution is obtained for an azimuthally symmetric radially expanding boost-invariant conformal…
We consider a plasma of massless particles undergoing Bjorken expansion, mimicking the matter created in ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions. We study the transition to hydrodynamics using kinetic theory in the relaxation time…
The nonequilibrium evolution in a boost-invariant Bjorken flow of a hybrid viscous fluid model containing two interacting components with different viscosities, such that they represent strongly and weakly self-coupled sectors, is shown to…
Standard textbooks will state that hydrodynamics requires near-equilibrium to be applicable. Recently, however, out-of-equilibrium attractor solutions for hydrodynamics have been found in kinetic theory and holography in systems with a high…
We exploit the concept of hydrodynamic attractors to establish a general relation between the initial state energy and the produced particle multiplicities in high-energy nuclear collisions. When combined with an ab initio model of energy…
Non-conformal attractor behavior is studied by solving non-conformal second order viscous hydrodynamics with respect to boost-invariant plasmas. Numerical solutions of the relative decay rate of the enthalpy density, the inverse shear and…
Recent development of a hydrodynamic model is discussed by putting an emphasis on realistic treatment of the early and late stages in relativistic heavy ion collisions. The model, which incorporates a hydrodynamic description of the…
Attractor, supposed to be one of the possible answer for the early applicability of hydrodynamics in the evolution with different initial conditions, has attracted great attention to the fast decreasing of degrees of freedom in heavy ion…
We present a concise review of the recent development of relativistic hydrodynamics and its applications to heavy-ion collisions. Theoretical progress on the extended formulation of hydrodynamics towards out-of-equilibrium systems is…
Hydrodynamic behavior is a general feature of interacting systems with many degrees of freedom constrained by conservation laws. To date hydrodynamic scaling in relativistic quantum systems has been observed in many high energy settings,…
Hybrid fluid models, consisting of two sectors with more weakly and more strongly self-interacting degrees of freedom coupled consistently as in the semi-holographic framework, have been shown to exhibit an attractor surface for Bjorken…