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Axion quark nuggets (AQNs) are hypothetical objects with a mass greater than a few grams and sub-micrometer size, formed during the quark-hadron transition. Originating from the axion field, they offer a possible resolution of the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-10-22 Fereshteh Majidi , Xunyu Liang , Ludovic Van Waerbeke , Ariel Zhitnitsky , Michael Sekatchev , Julian S. Sommer , Klaus Dolag , Tiago Castro

We advocate an idea that the presence of the daily and annual modulations of the axion flux on the Earth surface may dramatically change the strategy of the axion searches. Our computations are based on the so-called Axion Quark Nugget…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-02-19 Dmitry Budker , Victor V. Flambaum , Xunyu Liang , Ariel Zhitnitsky

The Pierre Auger Observatory have reported [1-3] observation of several exotic cosmic ray -like events which apparently related to thunderstorms. These events are much larger in size than conventional cosmic ray events, and they have very…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-08-25 Ariel Zhitnitsky

Telescope Array (TA) experiment has recorded \cite{Abbasi:2017rvx,Okuda_2019} several short time bursts of air shower like events. These bursts are very distinct from conventional single showers, and are found to be strongly correlated with…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-12-18 Ariel Zhitnitsky

Axion quark nuggets (AQNs) are hypothetical objects with nuclear density that would have formed during the quark-hadron transition and could make up most of the dark matter today. These objects have a mass greater than a few grams and are…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-26 Michael Sekatchev , Xunyu Liang , Fereshteh Majidi , Ben Scully , Ludovic Van Waerbeke , Ariel Zhitnitsky

We study the new mechanism of the axion production suggested recently in [1,2]. This mechanism is based on the so-called Axion Quark Nugget (AQN) dark matter model, which was originally invented to explain the similarity of the dark and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-02-19 Xunyu Liang , Alexander Mead , Md Shahriar Rahim Siddiqui , Ludovic Van Waerbeke , Ariel Zhitnitsky

Macroscopic dark matter with dominating strong interactions, supposed to be composites, represents an alternative to the most popular WIMP particles. Predicted in various models as strangelets, nuclearites, nuggets, having different…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-04-01 Ionel Lazanu , Konstantin Zioutas

Recent work from the last years has raised the possibility that a portion of Dark Matter could consist of exotic particles, such as axion (anti)quark nuggets (AQN, A\bar{Q}N). After a brief review outlining the main features of axion…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-05-22 Ionel Lazanu , Mihaela Parvu

The XMM-Newton observatory shows evidence, with a 11$\sigma$ confidence level, for seasonal variation of the X-ray background in the near-Earth environment in the 2-6 keV energy range (Fraser et al. 2014). The authors argue that the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-05-03 Shuailiang Ge , Hikari Rachmat , Md Shahriar Rahim Siddiqui , Ludovic Van Waerbeke , Ariel Zhitnitsky

Quark nuggets are theoretical objects composed of approximately equal numbers of up, down, and strange quarks. They are also called strangelets, nuclearites, AQNs, slets, Macros, and MQNs. Quark nuggets are a candidate for dark matter,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-09-30 J. Pace VanDevender , C. Jerald Buchenauer , Chunpei Cai , Aaron P. VanDevender , Benjamin A. Ulmen

The Murchison Widefield Array (MWA) recorded \cite{Mondal-2020} impulsive radio events in the quiet solar corona at frequencies 98, 120, 132, and 160 MHz. We propose that these radio events are the direct manifestation of dark matter…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-01-04 Shuailiang Ge , Md Shahriar Rahim Siddiqui , Ludovic Van Waerbeke , Ariel Zhitnitsky

We advocate for the idea that there is a fundamentally new mechanism for axion production on Earth, as recently suggested in Fischer et al. (2018) and Liang & Zhitnitsky (2018). We specifically focus on production of axions within Earth,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-29 Kyle Lawson , Xunyu Liang , Alexander Mead , Md Shahriar Rahim Siddiqui , Ludovic Van Waerbeke , Ariel Zhitnitsky

It has been recently argued in \cite{Bertolucci:2016xjm, Zioutas:2020ndf, Zioutas:2023ybw} that numerous enigmatic observations remain challenging to explain within the framework of conventional physics. These anomalies include unexpected…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-06-23 Ariel Zhitnitsky , Marios Maroudas

This article discusses strong nuggets (SNs) which means strong interaction condensed matter with a mass of about $10^6\,$g. They may originate from the early universe, supernova, pulsar merger event, and so on. Depending on the equation of…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-27 Haoyang Qi , Renxin Xu

In 1984 Edward Witten proposed that an extremely dense form of matter composed of up, down, and strange quarks may be stable at zero pressure (Witten, 1984). Massive nuggets of such dense matter, if they exist, may pass through the Earth…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 David P. Anderson , Eugene T. Herrin , Vigdor L. Teplitz , Ileana M. Tibuleac

Telescope Array (TA) experiment has recorded \cite{Abbasi:2017rvx,Okuda_2019} several short time bursts of air shower like events. These bursts are very distinct from conventional single showers, and are found to be strongly correlated with…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-03-24 Xunyu Liang , Ariel Zhitnitsky

Anti-quark nuggets (AQNs) have been suggested to solve the dark matter (DM) and the missing antimatter problem in the universe and have been proposed as an explanation of various observations. Their size is in the {\mu}m range and their…

The Antarctic Impulse Transient Antenna (\textsc{ANITA}) collaboration [1-3] has reported two anomalous events with noninverted polarity. These events are hard to explain in terms of conventional cosmic rays (CRs). We explore a new possible…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-09-27 Xunyu Liang , Ariel Zhitnitsky

It has been recently argued [1-3] that there is a strong component of the diffuse far-ultraviolet (FUV) background which is hard to explain by conventional physics in terms of the dust-scattered starlight. We propose that this excess in FUV…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-03-17 Ariel Zhitnitsky

Bounds on masses and abundances of Strange Quark Nuggets (SQNs) are inferred from a seismic search on Earth. Potential SQN bounds from a possible seismic search on the Moon are reviewed and compared with Earth capabilities. Bounds are…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Eugene T. Herrin , Doris C. Rosenbaum , Vigdor L. Teplitz
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