English

To detect strong nugget with an acoustic array

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics 2025-09-27 v2 High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena

Abstract

This article discusses strong nuggets (SNs) which means strong interaction condensed matter with a mass of about 10610^6\,g. They may originate from the early universe, supernova, pulsar merger event, and so on. Depending on the equation of state, the SNs could be stable and even be one of the candidates for dark matter. In order to detect SNs which hitting the Earth or the Moon at a non-relativistic velocity, a new messenger, the acoustic array, is analysed. The results of the calculations show that the impact signal of an SN can be detected at a distance of about 30 kilometers from the nugget's trajectory. By using microphone boxes, hydrophones or seismographs to construct an array in the bedrock, ocean or on the Moon, it is possible to reconstruct the velocity, mass, and interacting cross section of SNs, and then constrain also the nature of supra-nuclear matter. The acoustic array can also be used for distributed acoustic sensing of meteorites or earthquakes. The sonar localisation system on the proposed High-energy Underwater Neutrino Telescope (HUNT) is suggested as a pathfinder for acoustic array detection.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2503.20597,
  title  = {To detect strong nugget with an acoustic array},
  author = {Haoyang Qi and Renxin Xu},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2503.20597},
  year   = {2025}
}

Comments

12 pages, 4 figures, Accepted by Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics (RAA)

R2 v1 2026-06-28T22:35:15.078Z