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Related papers: A Model of Justification

200 papers

It is widely acknowledged that transparency of automated decision making is crucial for deployability of intelligent systems, and explaining the reasons why some decisions are "good" and some are not is a way to achieving this transparency.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-01-25 Xiuyi Fan , Francesca Toni

Reward models (RMs) play a crucial role in aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences and enhancing reasoning quality. Traditionally, RMs are trained to rank candidate outputs based on their correctness and coherence.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Yuhui Xu , Hanze Dong , Lei Wang , Caiming Xiong , Junnan Li

While data-driven predictive models are a strictly technological construct, they may operate within a social context in which benign engineering choices entail implicit, indirect and unexpected real-life consequences. Fairness of such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-11 Kacper Sokol , Meelis Kull , Jeffrey Chan , Flora Salim

In experimental applications of bounded-reasoning models, behavior is often summarized by distributions of "levels". We argue that such summaries conflate two conceptually distinct dimensions: a player's type, capturing beliefs about what…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2026-04-15 Shuige Liu , Gabriel Ziegler

Reputation is crucial to enabling human or software agents to select among alternative providers. Although several effective reputation assessment methods exist, they typically distil reputation into a numerical representation, with no…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-06-17 Ingrid Nunes , Phillip Taylor , Lina Barakat , Nathan Griffiths , Simon Miles

We develop a qualitative model of decision making with two aims: to describe how people make simple decisions and to enable computer programs to do the same. Current approaches based on Planning or Decisions Theory either ignore uncertainty…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-02-18 Blai Bonet , Hector Geffner

Deliberation plays an important role in the design of rational agents embedded in the real-world. In particular, deliberation leads to the formation of intentions, i.e., plans of action that the agent is committed to achieving. In this…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-03-26 Anand S. Rao , Michael P. Georgeff

Explanations of model behavior are commonly evaluated via proxy properties weakly tied to the purposes explanations serve in practice. We contribute a decision theoretic framework that treats explanations as information signals valued by…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Ziyang Guo , Berk Ustun , Jessica Hullman

The standard rational choice model describes individuals as making choices by selecting the best option from a menu. A wealth of evidence instead suggests that individuals often filter menus into smaller sets - consideration sets - from…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2023-01-16 Tonna Emenuga

Recovering and distinguishing between the strict-preference, indifference and/or indecisiveness parts of a decision maker's preferences is a challenging task but also important for testing theory and conducting welfare analysis. This paper…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-09-15 Georgios Gerasimou

Machine learning algorithms enable advanced decision making in contemporary intelligent systems. Research indicates that there is a tradeoff between their model performance and explainability. Machine learning models with higher performance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-23 Lukas-Valentin Herm , Kai Heinrich , Jonas Wanner , Christian Janiesch

We introduce a new computational model of moral decision making, drawing on a recent theory of commonsense moral learning via social dynamics. Our model describes moral dilemmas as a utility function that computes trade-offs in values over…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-01-16 Richard Kim , Max Kleiman-Weiner , Andres Abeliuk , Edmond Awad , Sohan Dsouza , Josh Tenenbaum , Iyad Rahwan

I formulate and characterize the following two-stage choice behavior. The decision maker is endowed with two preferences. She shortlists all maximal alternatives according to the first preference. If the first preference is decisive, in the…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2020-10-29 Mario Vazquez Corte

We look at preference change arising out of an interaction between two elements: the first is an initial preference ranking encoding a pre-existing attitude; the second element is new preference information signaling input from an…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-12-30 Adrian Haret , Johannes P. Wallner

Argumentation is a promising model for reasoning with uncertain knowledge. The key concept of acceptability enables to differentiate arguments and counterarguments: The certainty of a proposition can then be evaluated through the most…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-02-01 Leila Amgoud , Claudette Cayrol

Large-scale behavioral datasets enable researchers to use complex machine learning algorithms to better predict human behavior, yet this increased predictive power does not always lead to a better understanding of the behavior in question.…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2019-05-14 Mayank Agrawal , Joshua C. Peterson , Thomas L. Griffiths

Justification logics are modal-like logics with the additional capability of recording the reason, or justification, for modalities in syntactic structures, called justification terms. Justification logics can be seen as explicit…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-03-08 Samuel Bucheli , Meghdad Ghari , Thomas Studer

Even though classic theories and models of discrete choice pose man as a rational being, it has been shown extensively that people persistently violate rationality in their actual choices. Recent models of decision-making take these…

This paper develops a model of \textit{identification design} and applies it to robust causal inference in microeconometrics. The decision maker observes the population distribution of signals generated by an information structure and ranks…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2026-04-20 Maxwell Rosenthal

Common sense suggests that when individuals explain why they believe something, we can arrive at more accurate conclusions than when they simply state what they believe. Yet, there is no known mechanism that provides incentives to elicit…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Siddarth Srinivasan , Ezra Karger , Michiel Bakker , Yiling Chen