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Power systems are currently undergoing a rapid paradigm change in their operation. Centralised energy production is being replaced by a number of Distributed Generation (DG) units that are placed at different locations and voltage levels in…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-28 Dionysios Moutevelis

DC microgrids provide an efficient framework for the interconnection of DC distributed energy resources (DERs) and DC loads. To continue to supply legacy single-phase AC loads, DC/AC converters can be integrated in the DC microgrid. The…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-01 Mehdi Baharizadeh , Mohammad Sadegh Golsorkhi , Neda Keshavarzi , Thomas Ebel

This paper presents TSO-DSO coordinated reactive power dispatch, with a focus on real-time implementation. A sensitivity-aware, mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) formulation is developed to model the IEEE 1547-compliant droop-based…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-09 Mohammad Almomani , Ahmed Alkhonain , Venkataramana Ajjarapu

Increasing penetration of Photovoltaic (PV) generation brings an opportunity, and sometimes necessity, for this new resource to provide ancillary services such as frequency support. Recent efforts toward this goal focused mainly on the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-28 Qinmiao Li , Mesut Baran

In recent years, virtual oscillator control, particularly the Andronov-Hopf oscillator (AHO), has received widespread attention for controlling grid-forming (GFM) inverters due to their superior dynamic response. However, traditional AHO…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-10 Hamed Rezazadeh , Mohammad Monfared , Meghdad Fazeli , Saeed Golestan

This paper presents a novel dissipativity-based distributed droop-free control approach for the voltage regulation problem in DC microgrids (MGs) comprised of an interconnected set of distributed generators (DGs), loads, and power lines.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-02 Mohammad Javad Najafirad , Shirantha Welikala

Optimal Volt/VAR control (VVC) in distribution networks relies on an effective coordination between the conventional utility-owned mechanical devices and the smart residential photovoltaic (PV) inverters. Typically, a central controller…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-17 Yao Long , Daniel S. Kirschen

Active distribution networks (ADNs) incorporating massive photovoltaic (PV) devices encounter challenges of rapid voltage fluctuations and potential violations. Due to the fluctuation and intermittency of PV generation, the state gap,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-28 Hong Cheng , Huan Luo , Zhi Liu , Wei Sun , Weitao Li , Qiyue Li

Centralized secondary voltage control in a power system has been replaced by the distributed controller in the recent literature due to its high dependency on extensive communication messages. Although in the new method each distributed…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-04-16 Ali Dehghan Banadaki , Ali Feliachi , Vinod K. Kulathumani

The Virtual Synchronous Machine (VSM) concept stands as a strategy for the seamless integration of renewable energy sources into the grid. In scenarios where symmetrical and sinusoidal operating conditions are lacking, VSMs demonstrate…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-12 Shirin Besati , Ali Mosallanejad , Madhav Manjrekar

This paper proposes a novel two-layer Volt/VAR control (VVC) framework to regulate the voltage profiles across an unbalanced active distribution system, which achieves both the efficient open-loop optimization and accurate closed-loop…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-12-25 Yifei Guo , Qianzhi Zhang , Zhaoyu Wang , Fankun Bu , Yuxuan Yuan

This project discusses the control schemes for distribution grids with a large amount of wind penetration. Microgrids are constantly gaining popularity, especially in the countries, where there is energy crisis. Various systems, including…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-08 Umair Shahzad

For microprocessors used in real-time embedded systems, minimizing power consumption is difficult due to the timing constraints. Dynamic voltage scaling (DVS) has been incorporated into modern microprocessors as a promising technique for…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2008-12-18 Feng Xia , Yu-Chu Tian , Youxian Sun , Jinxiang Dong

The stability of AC power grids relies on ancillary services that mitigate frequency fluctuations. The electromechanical inertia of large synchronous generators is currently the only resource to absorb frequency disturbances on sub-second…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-21 Julian Fritzsch , Philippe Jacquod

High penetration levels of distributed photovoltaic (PV) generation on an electrical distribution circuit may severely degrade power quality due to voltage sags and swells caused by rapidly varying PV generation during cloud transients…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-11-18 Konstantin S. Turitsyn , Petr Sulc , Scott Backhaus , Misha Chertkov

One critical value microgrids bring to power systems is resilience, the capability of being able to island from the main grid under certain conditions and connect back when necessary. Once islanded, a microgrid must be synchronized to the…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2017-06-20 Di Shi , Xi Chen , Zhiwei Wang , Xiaohu Zhang , Zhe Yu , Xinan Wang , Desong Bian

Time-varying renewable energy generation can result in serious under-/over-voltage conditions in future distribution grids. Augmenting conventional utility-owned voltage regulating equipment with the reactive power capabilities of…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2015-08-27 Vassilis Kekatos , Liang Zhang , Georgios B. Giannakis , Ross Baldick

This paper develops a new analytical model to estimate real-time variations in grid frequency and voltages resulting from dynamic network reconfiguration (DNR). In the proposed model, switching operations are considered as discrete…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-12-15 Jae-Young Park , Young-Jin Kim

Distributed secondary control plays an important role in DC microgrids, since it ensures system control objectives, which are power sharing and DC bus voltage stability. Previous studies have suggested using a control architecture that…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-08-18 T. V. Vu , S. Paran , F. Diaz , T. E. Meyzani , C. S. Edrington

The notion of Virtual Power Plant (VPP) has been used many times in last years in power systems and for several reasons. As a general trend, the behavior of a classic synchronous generator is to be emulated for a class of conventional grid…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-08-03 B. Marinescu , O. Gomis-Bellmunt , F. Dörfler , H. Schulte , L. Sigrist