Related papers: Thermal charge carrier driven noise in transmissiv…
We discuss the random motion of charged test particles driven by quantum electromagnetic fluctuations at finite temperature in both the unbounded flat space and flat spacetime with a reflecting boundary and calculate the mean squared…
Thermal noise in high-reflectivity mirror coatings is a limiting factor in ground-based gravitational wave detectors. Reducing this coating thermal noise improves the sensitivity of detectors and enriches the scientific outcome of observing…
The nanoscale charge environment critically influences semiconductor physics and device performance. While conventional bulk characterization techniques provide volume-averaged defect properties, they lack the spatial resolution to resolve…
Thermal-radiation detectors such as bolometers -- often found as thin, suspended films -- are intrinsically limited by their optical absorption properties and by their intrinsic thermal conductive and radiative losses. We analyze the impact…
The current noise density S of a conductor in equilibrium, the Johnson noise, is determined by its temperature T: S=4kTG with G the conductance. The sample's noise temperature Tn=S/(4kG) generalizes T for a system out of equilibrium. We…
A standard quarter-wavelength multilayer optical coating will produce the highest reflectivity for a given number of coating layers, but in general it will not yield the lowest thermal noise for a prescribed reflectivity. Coatings with the…
Grating reflectors have been repeatedly discussed to improve the noise performance of metrological applications due to the reduction or absence of any coating material. So far, however, no quantitative estimate on the thermal noise of these…
Advanced gravitational wave detectors, currently under construction, are expected to directly observe gravitational wave signals of astrophysical origin. The Einstein Telescope, a third-generation gravitational wave detector, has been…
Thermal fluctuations of different origin in the substrate and in the coating of optical mirrors produce phase noise in the reflected wave. This noise determines the ultimate stabilization capability of high-Q cavities used as a reference…
We demonstrate how the ineluctable presence of thermal noise alters the measurement of forces acting on microscopic and nanoscopic objects. We quantify this effect exemplarily for a Brownian particle near a wall subjected to gravitational…
The gravitational waveform of merging binary neutron stars encodes information about extreme states of matter. Probing these gravitational emissions requires the gravitational-wave detectors to have high sensitivity above 1 kHz. Fortunately…
Some papers represent the environment of a mesosopic system (e.g. a qubit in a quantum computer or a quantum junction) by a neighboring fluctuator, which generates a fluctuating electric field -- a telegraph noise (TN) -- on the electrons…
Precision measurements using traditional heterodyne readout suffer a 3dB quantum noise penalty compared with homodyne readout. The extra noise is caused by the quantum fluctuations in the image vacuum. We propose a two-carrier…
We propose an alternative scenario for the propagation of thermal noise in a conductor. In this scenario, the noise in the emf (electromotive force) between two terminals cannot be described as a sum of contributions from uncorrelated…
For the last fifteen years, the limiting noise source at the low frequency end of the sensitivity window for space gravitational wave detectors has been expected to be the confusion background of overlapping galactic binary stars. Here, we…
Theoretical and experimental work concerned with dynamic fluctuations has developed into a very active and fascinating subfield of mesoscopic physics. We present a review of this development focusing on shot noise in small electric…
We investigate the relationship between the Curie temperature TC and the carrier density p in the ferromagnetic semiconductor (Ga,Mn)As. Carrier densities are extracted from analysis of the Hall resistance at low temperatures and high…
We study the sensitivity limits of a broadband gravitational-waves detector based on dual resonators such as nested spheres. We determine both the thermal and back-action noises when the resonators displacements are read-out with an…
We review a semiclassical theory of high-field noise in degenerate conductors, based on propagator solutions to the Boltzmann equation for the fluctuation distribution function. The theory provides a microscopic description of…
Tiny vibrations of mechanical structures are the main limiting cause in a number of high sensitivity measurement apparatus, chief among them the most sensitive displacement apparatus on earth: gravitational wave interferometers. Such…