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Related papers: Predicting the Amount of GDPR Fines

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Background: Governments worldwide are considering data privacy regulations. These laws, e.g. the European Union's General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), require software developers to meet privacy-related requirements when interacting…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-24 Lucas Franke , Huayu Liang , Sahar Farzanehpour , Aaron Brantly , James C. Davis , Chris Brown

The emergence of big data, AI and machine learning has allowed sellers and online platforms to tailor pricing for customers in real-time. While online algorithmic pricing can increase efficiency, market welfare, and optimize pricing…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Zihao Li

Automating the detection of EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) violations in source code is a critical but underexplored challenge. We introduce \textbf{GDPR-Bench-Android}, the first comprehensive benchmark for evaluating diverse…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Huaijin Ran , Haoyi Zhang , Xunzhu Tang

The EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) is one of the most demanding and comprehensive privacy regulations of all time. A year after it went into effect, we study its impact on the landscape of privacy policies online. We conduct…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-06-26 Thomas Linden , Rishabh Khandelwal , Hamza Harkous , Kassem Fawaz

Machine learning based classifiers that take a privacy policy as the input and predict relevant concepts are useful in different applications such as (semi-)automated compliance analysis against requirements of the EU GDPR. In all past…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Peng Tang , Xin Li , Yuxin Chen , Weidong Qiu , Haochen Mei , Allison Holmes , Fenghua Li , Shujun Li

Technological advances in information sharing have raised concerns about data protection. Privacy policies contain privacy-related requirements about how the personal data of individuals will be handled by an organization or a software…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-10-06 Orlando Amaral , Sallam Abualhaija , Damiano Torre , Mehrdad Sabetzadeh , Lionel C. Briand

Recently, an increasing number of laws have governed the useability of users' privacy. For example, Article 17 of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), the right to be forgotten, requires machine learning applications to remove a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Haibo Zhang , Toru Nakamura , Takamasa Isohara , Kouichi Sakurai

The upcoming European General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) prohibits the processing and exploitation of some categories of personal data (health, political orientation, sexual preferences, religious beliefs, ethnic origin, etc.) due to…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2021-01-21 José González Cabañas , Ángel Cuevas , Rubén Cuevas

Ensuring data quality in machine learning (ML) systems has become increasingly complex as regulatory requirements expand. In the European Union (EU), frameworks such as the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and the Artificial…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Yichun Wang , Kristina Irion , Paul Groth , Hazar Harmouch

This report summarizes the European Union's series of data and AI regulations and analyzes them for managers in automotive vehicle manufacturing organizations. In particular, we highlight the relevant ideas of the regulations, including how…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-07-22 Charlotte A. Shahlaei , Nicholas Berente

General Data Protection Regulations (GDPR) aim to safeguard individuals' personal information from harm. While full compliance is mandatory in the European Union and the California Privacy Rights Act (CPRA), it is not in other places. GDPR…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Nasim Sonboli , Sipei Li , Mehdi Elahi , Asia Biega

The transparency principle of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) requires data processing information to be clear, precise, and accessible. While language models show promise in this context, their probabilistic nature…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Anna Leschanowsky , Zahra Kolagar , Erion Çano , Ivan Habernal , Dara Hallinan , Emanuël A. P. Habets , Birgit Popp

The Accountability Principle of the GDPR requires that an organisation can demonstrate compliance with the regulations. A survey of GDPR compliance software solutions shows significant gaps in their ability to demonstrate compliance. In…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-05-26 Paul Ryan , Martin Crane , Rob Brennan

The recent European General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and other data protection regulations restrict the processing of some categories of personal data (health, political orientation, sexual preferences, religious beliefs, ethnic…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2021-01-21 Ángel Cuevas , José González Cabañas , Aritz Arrate , Rubén Cuevas

The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) has become a touchstone model for modern privacy law, in part because it empowers consumers with unprecedented control over the use of their personal information. However, this same power may be…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-12-03 James Pavur , Casey Knerr

While Privacy by Design (PbD) is prescribed by modern privacy regulations such as the EU's GDPR, achieving PbD in real software systems is a notoriously difficult task. One emerging technique to realize PbD is Runtime enforcement (RE), in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-28 François Hublet , Alexander Kvamme , Srđan Krstić

The Indian Personal Data Protection Bill 2019 provides a legal framework for protecting personal data. It is modeled after the European Union's General Data Protection Regulation(GDPR). We present a detailed description of the Bill, the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-05-29 Ram Govind Singh , Sushmita Ruj

Since GDPR went into effect in 2018, many other data protection and privacy regulations have been released. With the new regulation, there has been an associated increase in industry professionals focused on data protection and privacy.…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Thomas Şerban von Davier , Konrad Kollnig , Reuben Binns , Max Van Kleek , Nigel Shadbolt

What if the main data protection vulnerability is risk management? Data Protection merges three disciplines: data protection law, information security, and risk management. Nonetheless, very little research has been made on the field of…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2025-02-18 Luis Enriquez

Since the adoption of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) in May 2018 more than 60 % of popular websites in Europe display cookie consent notices to their visitors. This has quickly led to users becoming fatigued with privacy…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-10-23 Christine Utz , Martin Degeling , Sascha Fahl , Florian Schaub , Thorsten Holz