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As an extension of the Brooks theorem, Catlin in 1979 showed that if $H$ is neither an odd cycle nor a complete graph with maximum degree $\Delta(H)$, then $H$ has a vertex $\Delta(H)$-coloring such that one of the color classes is a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-02-13 Yaser Rowshan , Ali Taherkhani

A $1$-plane graph is a graph embedded in the plane such that each edge is crossed at most once. A NIC-plane graph is a $1$-plane graph such that any two pairs of crossing edges share at most one end-vertex. An edge partition of a $1$-plane…

We call a multigraph $(k,d)$-edge colourable if its edge set can be partitioned into $k$ subgraphs of maximum degree at most $d$ and denote as $\chi'_{d}(G)$ the minimum $k$ such that $G$ is $(k,d)$-edge colourable. We prove that for every…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-02-07 Pierre Aboulker , Guillaume Aubian , Chien-Chung Huang

A strong edge-coloring of a graph $G$ is an edge-coloring such that no two edges of distance at most two receive the same color. The strong chromatic index $\chi'_s(G)$ is the minimum number of colors in a strong edge-coloring of $G$. P.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-10-06 Chuanyun Zang

A conjecture of Alon, Krivelevich, and Sudakov states that, for any graph $F$, there is a constant $c_F > 0$ such that if $G$ is an $F$-free graph of maximum degree $\Delta$, then $\chi(G) \leq c_F \Delta / \log\Delta$. Alon, Krivelevich,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-01-25 James Anderson , Anton Bernshteyn , Abhishek Dhawan

We prove that for all $\varepsilon>0$, there exists a positive integer $n_0$ such that if $G$ is a graph on $n\geq n_0$ vertices with $\delta(G)\geq\tfrac{1}{2}(1 + \varepsilon)n$, then $G$ satisfies the Total Coloring Conjecture, that is,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-07-09 Owen Henderschedt , Jessica McDonald , Songling Shan

Irredundance coloring of $G$ is a proper coloring in which there exists a maximal irredundant set $R$ such that all the vertices of $R$ have different colors. The minimum number of colors required for an irredundance coloring of $G$ is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-11-30 David Ashok Kalarkop , Pawaton Kaemawichanurat

A graph is locally irregular if no two adjacent vertices have the same degree. The irregular chromatic index $\chi_{\rm irr}'(G)$ of a graph $G$ is the smallest number of locally irregular subgraphs needed to edge-decompose $G$. Not all…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-04-04 Julien Bensmail , Martin Merker , Carsten Thomassen

Let $G$ be a graph on $n$ vertices and let $\mathcal{L}_k$ be an arbitrary function that assigns each vertex in $G$ a list of $k$ colours. Then $G$ is $\mathcal{L}_k$-list colourable if there exists a proper colouring of the vertices of $G$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-03-12 Jeannette Janssen , Rogers Mathew , Deepak Rajendraprasad

An edge-colored graph $G$ is called \textit{rainbow} if every edge of $G$ receives a different color. Given any host graph $G$, the \textit{anti-Ramsey} number of $t$ edge-disjoint rainbow spanning trees in $G$, denoted by $r(G,t)$, is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-04-28 Linyuan Lu , Andrew Meier , Zhiyu Wang

Let $G$ be a simple graph. A total dominator coloring of $G$ is a proper coloring of the vertices of $G$ in which each vertex of the graph is adjacent to every vertex of some color class. The total dominator chromatic number $\chi_d^t(G)$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-06-03 Nima Ghanbari , Saeid Alikhani

Let ${\cal{F}}=\{F_1,F_2,\ldots\}$ be a sequence of graphs such that $F_n$ is a graph on $n$ vertices with maximum degree at most $\Delta$. We show that there exists an absolute constant $C$ such that the vertices of any 2-edge-colored…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-05-30 Andrey Grinshpun , Gabor N. Sarkozy

The packing chromatic number $\chi_{\rho}(G)$ of a graph $G$ is the smallest integer $k$ such that the vertex set of $G$ can be partitioned into sets $\Pi_1,\ldots,\Pi_k$, where $\Pi_i$, $i\in [k]$, is an $i$-packing. The following…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-08-22 Boštjan Brešar , Sandi Klavžar , Douglas F. Rall , Kirsti Wash

A graph is called odd (respectively, even) if every vertex has odd (respectively, even) degree. Gallai proved that every graph can be partitioned into two even induced subgraphs, or into an odd and an even induced subgraph. We refer to a…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Rémy Belmonte , Ararat Harutyunyan , Noleen Köhler , Nikolaos Melissinos

Let $\mathcal{C}$ be a family of edge-colored graphs. A $t$-edge colored graph $G$ is $(\mathcal{C}, t)$-saturated if $G$ does not contain any graph in $\mathcal{C}$ but the addition of any edge in any color in $[t]$ creates a copy of some…

The distinguishing chromatic number of a graph $G$, denoted $\chi_D(G)$, is the minimum number of colours in a proper vertex colouring of $G$ that is preserved by the identity automorphism only. Collins and Trenk proved that $\chi_D(G)\le…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-05-26 Christoph Brause , Rafał Kalinowski , Monika Pilśniak , Ingo Schiemeyer

A strong edge colouring of a graph is an assignment of colours to the edges of the graph such that for every colour, the set of edges that are given that colour form an induced matching in the graph. The strong chromatic index of a graph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-08-20 Manu Basavaraju , Mathew C. Francis

An $r$-edge coloring of a graph or hypergraph $G=(V,E)$ is a map $c:E\to \{0, \dots, r-1\}$. Extending results of Rado and answering questions of Rado, Gy\'arf\'as and S\'ark\"ozy we prove that (1.) the vertex set of every $r$-edge colored…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-01-07 M. Elekes , D. T. Soukup , L. Soukup , Z. Szentmiklóssy

For an edge-colored graph $G$, the minimum color degree of $G$ means the minimum number of colors on edges which are adjacent to each vertex of $G$. We prove that if $G$ is an edge-colored graph with minimum color degree at least $5$ then…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-01-12 Ruonan Li , Shinya Fujita , Guanghui Wang

Let $G$ be a connected undirected graph.~A vertex coloring $f$ of $G$ is an $N_i$-vertex coloring if for each vertex $x$ in $G$, the number of different colors assigned to $N_G(x)$ is at most $i$.~The $N_i$-chromatic number of $G$, denoted…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-08-22 Yangfan Yu , Yuefang Sun