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The gravitational wave (GW) signal from binary black hole (BBH) mergers is a promising probe of Population III (Pop III) stars. To fully unleash the power of the GW probe, one important step is to understand the relative importance and…

The recent discovery of the gravitational wave source GW150914 has revealed a coalescing binary black hole (BBH) with masses of $\sim 30~M_\odot$. Previous proposals for the origin of such a massive binary include Population III (PopIII)…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-07-27 Kohei Inayoshi , Kazumi Kashiyama , Eli Visbal , Zoltan Haiman

The observations of gravitational waves (GWs) have revealed the existence of black holes (BHs) above $30M_\odot$. A variety of scenarios have been proposed as their origin. Among the scenarios, we consider the population III (Pop~III) star…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-01-01 Masaki Iwaya , Tomoya Kinugawa , Hideyuki Tagoshi

We study the generation of a stochastic gravitational wave (GW) background produced from a population of core-collapse supernovae, which form black holes in scenarios of structure formation. We obtain, for example, that the formation of a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 J. C. N. de Araujo , O. D. Miranda , O. D. Aguiar

Third-generation (3G) gravitational-wave (GW) detectors will be able to observe binary-black-hole mergers (BBHs) up to redshift of $\sim 30$. This gives unprecedented access to the formation and evolution of BBHs throughout cosmic history.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-07-14 Ken K. Y. Ng , Salvatore Vitale , Will M. Farr , Carl L. Rodriguez

The detection of the gravitational wave (GW) event GW190521 raises questions about the formation of black holes within the pair-instability mass gap (PIBHs). We propose that Population III (Pop III) star clusters significantly contribute to…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-04-30 Weiwei Wu , Long Wang , Shuai Liu , Yining Sun , Ataru Tanikawa , Michiko Fujii

We explore the possibility that the recently detected black hole binary (BHB) merger event GW190521 originates from the first generation of massive, metal-free, so-called Population III (Pop III), stars. Based on improved binary statistics…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-11-18 Boyuan Liu , Volker Bromm

We propose a method for confirmation of the existence of Population III (Pop III) stars with massive black hole binaries as GW150914 in gravitational wave (GW) observation. When we get enough number of events, we want to determine which…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-09-26 Akinobu Miyamoto , Tomoya Kinugawa , Takashi Nakamura , Nobuyuki Kanda

Previous theoretical studies suggest that the Population III (Pop3) stars tend to form in extremely metal poor gas clouds with approximately $10^5 M_\odot$ embedded in mini dark matter halos. Very massive stars can form via multiple…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-08-03 Long Wang , Ataru Tanikawa , Michiko Fujii

Third generation gravitational-wave (GW) detectors are expected to detect a large number of binary black holes (BBHs) to large redshifts, opening up an independent probe of the large scale structure using their clustering. This probe will…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-11-14 Aditya Vijaykumar , M. V. S. Saketh , Sumit Kumar , Parameswaran Ajith , Tirthankar Roy Choudhury

We quantify for the first time the gravitational wave (GW) phase shift appearing in the waveform of eccentric binary black hole (BBH) mergers formed dynamically in three-body systems. For this, we have developed a novel numerical method…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-03-12 Johan Samsing , Kai Hendriks , Lorenz Zwick , Daniel J. D'Orazio , Bin Liu

The detection of gravitational waves (GWs) generated by merging black holes has recently opened up a new observational window into the Universe. The mass of the black holes in the first and third LIGO detections, ($36-29 \,…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-08-25 Fabio Pacucci , Abraham Loeb , Stefania Salvadori

GW231123 is a merger of two black holes (BHs) with estimated masses exceeding $100\;{\rm M}_{\odot}$, making them the most massive BHs discovered to date via gravitational wave (GW) observations. We investigate whether GW231123-like events…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-18 Ataru Tanikawa , Shuai Liu , WeiWei Wu , Michiko S. Fujii , Long Wang

Ground-based gravitational-wave (GW) observatories have transformed our view of compact-object mergers, yet their reach still limits a comprehensive reconstruction of the processes that generate these systems. Only next-generation…

A large number of mergers of binary black holes (BHs) have been discovered by gravitational wave observations since the first detection of gravitational waves 2015. Binary BH mergers are the loudest events in the universe, however their…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-03-18 Ataru Tanikawa

Using the results of a numerical simulation which follows the evolution, metal enrichment and energy deposition of both Population III and Population II stars, we predict the redshift dependence of the formation rate of black hole remnants…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 Stefania Marassi , Raffaella Schneider , Valeria Ferrari

The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has revealed a population of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) that challenge existing black hole (BH) formation models. These newly observed BHs seem overmassive compared to the host galaxies and have an…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-08-06 B. Reinoso , M. A. Latif , D. R. G. Schleicher

We estimate the gravitational wave (GW) background from Population III (Pop III) stars using the results from our hydrodynamic simulations (Suwa et al. 2007). We calculate gravitational waveforms from matter motions and anisotropic neutrino…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-11-11 Yudai Suwa , Tomoya Takiwaki , Kei Kotake , Katsuhiko Sato

Binary black holes (BBHs) born from the evolution of Population III (Pop. III) stars are one of the main high-redshift targets for next-generation ground-based gravitational-wave (GW) detectors. Their predicted initial mass function and…

The recent gravitational wave merger event, GW190521, has challenged our understanding of the stellar-mass black hole (BH) formation. The primary and secondary BH are both inferred to fall inside the pair-instability (PI) mass gap. Here we…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-11-11 Mohammadtaher Safarzadeh , Zoltán Haiman
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