Related papers: The degree of symmetry of lattice paths
In this pedagogical paper we review the discrete symmetries of the Dirac equation using elementary tools, but in a comparative order: the usual 3 + 1 dimensional case and the 2 + 1 dimensional case. Motivated by new applications of the 2d…
The algebra of linear and quadratic functions of basic observables on the phase space of either the free particle or the harmonic oscillator possesses a finite-dimensional anomaly. The quantization of these systems outside the critical…
In the perfect conductivity problem of composite material, the gradient of solutions can be arbitrarily large when two inclusions are located very close. To characterize the singular behavior of the gradient in the narrow region between two…
Generalized symmetry integrability test for discrete equations on the square lattice is studied. Integrability conditions are discussed. A method for searching higher symmetries (including non-autonomous ones) for quad graph equations is…
We consider two or more simple symmetric walks on some graphs, e.g. the real line, the plane or the two dimensional comb lattice, and investigate the properties of the distance among the walkers.
The thermodynamics and dynamics of a one dimensional dimer-forming anharmonic model is studied in the classical limit. This model mimics the behavior of materials with a Peierls instability. Specific heat, correlation length, and order…
A degree-regular triangulation is one in which each vertex has identical degree. Our main result is that any such triangulation of a (possibly non-compact) surface $S$ is geometric, that is, it is combinatorially equivalent to a geodesic…
This work is devoted to the analysis of a Gibbs partition model, also known as a composition scheme. We consider a natural new condition on the component weights. It leads to a new behavior for the total number of components. We discover a…
It has been recently suggested that a totally asymmetric exclusion process with two species on an open chain could exhibit spontaneous symmetry breaking in some range of the parameters defining its dynamics. The symmetry breaking is…
We consider paths in the plane with $(1,0),$ $(0,1),$ and $(a,b)$-steps that start at the origin, end at height $n,$ and stay to the left of a given non-decreasing right boundary. We show that if the boundary is periodic and has slope at…
We prove new bijections between different variants of Dyck paths and integer compositions, which give combinatorial explanations of their simple counting formula $4^{n-1}$. These give relations between different statistics, such as the…
Let \Gamma=<\alpha, \beta > be a numerical semigroup. In this article we consider several relations between the so-called \Gamma-semimodules and lattice paths from (0,\alpha) to (\beta,0): we investigate isomorphism classes of…
We show that the process of spontaneous symmetry breaking can trap a field theoretic system in a highly non-trivial state containing a lattice of domain walls. In one large compact space dimension, a lattice is inevitably formed. In two…
Two lattice points are visible from one another if there is no lattice point on the open line segment joining them. Let $S$ be a finite subset of $\mathbb{Z}^k$. The asymptotic density of the set of lattice points, visible from all points…
We consider partial matchings, which are finite graphs consisting of edges and vertices of degree zero or one. We consider transformations between two states of partial matchings. We introduce a method of presenting a transformation between…
We study the entropy of a set of identical hard objects, of general shape, with each object pivoted on the vertices of a d-dimensional regular lattice of lattice spacing a, but can have arbitrary orientations. When the pivoting point is…
We consider the relationship between symmetries of two-dimensional autonomous dynamical system in two common formulations; as a set of differential equations for the derivative of each state with respect to time, and a single differential…
It is known that many equations of interest in Mathematical Physics display solutions which are only asymptotically invariant under transformations (e.g. scaling and/or translations) which are not symmetries of the considered equation. In…
Rational Dyck paths are the rational generalization of classical Dyck paths. They play an important role in Catalan combinatorics, and have multiple applications in algebra and geometry. Two statistics over rational Dyck paths called run…
The issue of symmetry and symmetry breaking is fundamental in all areas of science. Symmetry is often assimilated to order and beauty while symmetry breaking is the source of many interesting phenomena such as phase transitions,…