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The photoalignment technique for liquid crystal (LC) device fabrication, despite being a well-established method, remains of significant relevance because of its broad applicability. Among its applications, one of particular interest is the…

Speckled illumination enhances widefield fluorescence microscopy by enabling optical sectioning and super resolution. In random illumination microscopy, sequences of speckled illumination patterns are used to excite fluorescent samples and…

In spite of significant advances in replication technologies, methods to produce well-defined three dimensional structures are still at its infancy. Such a limitation would be evident if we were to produce a large array of simple and,…

The multi-object spectrograph (MOS) has been the benchmark for the current generation of astronomical spectrographs, valued for its ability to acquire the spectra of hundreds of objects simultaneously. In the last two decades, the digital…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-10-03 Shaojie Chen , Matthew C. H. Leung , Xuefeng Yao , Suresh Sivanandam , Isabelle Sanders , Rosalind Liang

The inkjet-fabricated liquid crystal (LC) droplet device not only capitalizes on the intrinsic birefringence properties of liquid crystals but also leverages the hemispherical shape of droplet devices on substrates. This configuration…

One-dimensional photonic crystals (1DPCs) are widely used platforms for guiding, filtering, and enhancing light at the nanoscale. Traditionally, designs have favored high refractive index contrast to maximize the photonic band gap (PBG)…

Data-driven methods have increasingly been applied to the development of optical systems as inexpensive and effective inverse design approaches. Optical properties (e.g., band-gap properties) of photonic crystals (PCs) are closely…

Optics · Physics 2022-02-01 Tao Zhan , Quan-Shan Liu , Lu Qiu , Yuan-Jie Sun , Tao Wen , Rui Zhang

Photopolymerization enables the production of micro-optical elements, such as diffractive optical elements or GRIN optics. This process utilizes targeted spatial modulation of the refractive index, which is achieved through additive…

Optics · Physics 2026-03-16 Andreas Heinrich , Manuel Rank

Dielectrophoresis is an electric field-based technique for moving neutral particles through a fluid. When used for particle separation, dielectrophoresis has many advantages compared to other methods, providing label-free operation with…

Recent advances in photonic inverse design have demonstrated the ability to automatically synthesize compact, high-performance photonic components that surpass conventional, hand-designed structures, offering a promising path toward…

Optics · Physics 2026-02-18 Hongjian Zhou , Haoyu Yang , Nicholas Gangi , Tianle Xu , Rena Huang , Jiaqi Gu

Deformable mirrors are increasingly used in astronomy. However, they still are limited in stroke for active correction of high amplitude optical aberrations. Magnetic Liquid deformable mirrors (MLDMs) are a new technology that has…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-05 E. F. Borra

In conventional optical microscopes, image contrast of objects mainly results from the differences in light intensity and/or color. Muller matrix optical microscopes (MMMs), on the other hand, can provide significantly enhanced image…

Digital micromirror device (DMD) serves in a significant part of computational optical setups as a means of encoding an image by the desired pattern. The most prominent is its usage in the so-called single-pixel camera experiment. This…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2020-06-24 Lukas Klein , Karel Zidek

Compact, lightweight and high-performance spatial light modulators (SLMs) are crucial for modern optical technologies. The drive for pixel miniaturization, necessary to improve their performance, has led to a promising alternative, active…

MPC (Magneto-Photonic Crystal) Optimisation is a feature-rich Windows software application designed to enable researchers to analyze the optical and magneto-optical spectral properties of multilayers containing gyrotropic constituents. A…

Applied Physics · Physics 2019-05-03 M. Vasiliev , K. Alameh , M. Nur-E-Alam

Determinantal point processes (DPPs) are distributions over sets of items that model diversity using kernels. Their applications in machine learning include summary extraction and recommendation systems. Yet, the cost of sampling from a DPP…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-03-22 Guillaume Gautier , Rémi Bardenet , Michal Valko

Display photometric stereo uses a display as a programmable light source to illuminate a scene with diverse illumination conditions. Recently, differentiable display photometric stereo (DDPS) demonstrated improved normal reconstruction…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Gawoon Ban , Hyeongjun Kim , Seokjun Choi , Seungwoo Yoon , Seung-Hwan Baek

A microbubble is, in essence, a fully enclosed thin-walled microcavity. Unlike spherical microbubbles formed by expansions, 3D printing enables the free definition of their geometry, allowing precise control over shape and dimensions during…

Optics · Physics 2026-04-28 Sohail Khan , Zengbo Wang , Qingshan Yang , Liyang Yue

Distributed systems technologies supporting 3D visualization and social collaboration will be increasing in frequency and type over time. An emerging type of head-mounted display referred to as the head-mounted projection display (HMPD) was…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-02-22 Jannick P. Rolland , Frank Biocca , Felix G. Hamza-Lup , Yanggang Ha , Ricardo Martins

Colloidal lithography has emerged as a promising alternative to conventional nanofabrication techniques, offering the ability to create nanoscale patterns in a cost-effective and scalable manner. However, it has been so far limited by…