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Transformer-based models are popularly used in natural language processing (NLP). Its core component, self-attention, has aroused widespread interest. To understand the self-attention mechanism, a direct method is to visualize the attention…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-02 Han Shi , Jiahui Gao , Xiaozhe Ren , Hang Xu , Xiaodan Liang , Zhenguo Li , James T. Kwok

Transformers are powerful sequence models, but require time and memory that grows quadratically with the sequence length. In this paper we introduce sparse factorizations of the attention matrix which reduce this to $O(n \sqrt{n})$. We also…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-25 Rewon Child , Scott Gray , Alec Radford , Ilya Sutskever

We present SparseAttnNet, a new hierarchical attention-driven framework for efficient image classification that adaptively selects and processes only the most informative pixels from images. Traditional convolutional neural networks…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-13 Elad Yoshai , Dana Yagoda-Aharoni , Eden Dotan , Natan T. Shaked

As software projects rapidly evolve, software artifacts become more complex and defects behind get harder to identify. The emerging Transformer-based approaches, though achieving remarkable performance, struggle with long code sequences due…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Xueqi Yang , Mariusz Jakubowski , Li Kang , Haojie Yu , Tim Menzies

Sparse-Linear Attention (SLA) combines sparse and linear attention to accelerate diffusion models and has shown strong performance in video generation. However, (i) SLA relies on a heuristic split that assigns computations to the sparse or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Jintao Zhang , Haoxu Wang , Kai Jiang , Kaiwen Zheng , Youhe Jiang , Ion Stoica , Jianfei Chen , Jun Zhu , Joseph E. Gonzalez

Doubly-stochastic attention has emerged as a transport-based alternative to row-softmax attention, with recent Transformer variants using it to reduce attention sinks and rank collapse while improving performance. In this family, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Huy Tran , Max Milkert , David Hyde

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have been recently integrated into Transformer architectures due to their potential to reduce computational demands and to improve power efficiency. Yet, the implementation of the attention mechanism using…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Zihang Song , Prabodh Katti , Osvaldo Simeone , Bipin Rajendran

Extending the functionality of the Transformer model to accommodate longer sequence lengths has become a critical challenge. This extension is crucial not only for improving tasks such as language translation and long-context processing but…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Hengyu Zhang

Self-attention in transformer models is an incremental associative memory that maps key vectors to value vectors. One way to speed up self-attention is to employ GPU-compatible vector search algorithms based on standard partitioning methods…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Pierre-Emmanuel Mazaré , Gergely Szilvasy , Maria Lomeli , Francisco Massa , Naila Murray , Hervé Jégou , Matthijs Douze

Training a deep neural network requires a large amount of single-task data and involves a long time-consuming optimization phase. This is not scalable to complex, realistic environments with new unexpected changes. Humans can perform fast…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-09-04 Tsendsuren Munkhdalai

Visual attention helps achieve robust perception under noise, corruption, and distribution shifts in human vision, which are areas where modern neural networks still fall short. We present VARS, Visual Attention from Recurrent Sparse…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-14 Baifeng Shi , Yale Song , Neel Joshi , Trevor Darrell , Xin Wang

While CNNs naturally lend themselves to densely sampled data, and sophisticated implementations are available, they lack the ability to efficiently process sparse data. In this work we introduce a suite of tools that exploit sparsity in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-13 Timo Hackel , Mikhail Usvyatsov , Silvano Galliani , Jan D. Wegner , Konrad Schindler

Recently, Transformers have shown promising performance in various vision tasks. However, the high costs of global self-attention remain challenging for Transformers, especially for high-resolution vision tasks. Inspired by one of the most…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-13 Zhemin Zhang , Xun Gong

The quadratic complexity of attention mechanisms poses a critical bottleneck for large language models processing long contexts. While dynamic sparse attention methods offer input-adaptive efficiency, they face fundamental trade-offs:…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Siran Liu , Guoxia Wang , Sa Wang , Jinle Zeng , HaoYang Xie , Siyu Lou , JiaBin Yang , DianHai Yu , Haifeng Wang , Chao Yang

The use of Transformer represents a recent success in speech enhancement. However, as its core component, self-attention suffers from quadratic complexity, which is computationally prohibited for long speech recordings. Moreover, it allows…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Qiquan Zhang , Hongxu Zhu , Qi Song , Xinyuan Qian , Zhaoheng Ni , Haizhou Li

Categorizing source codes accurately and efficiently is a challenging problem in real-world programming education platform management. In recent years, model-based approaches utilizing abstract syntax trees (ASTs) have been widely applied…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Ziyang Xiang , Zaixi Zhang , Qi Liu

We propose a novel type of balanced clustering algorithm to approximate attention. Attention complexity is reduced from $O(N^2)$ to $O(N \log N)$, where $N$ is the sequence length. Our algorithm, SMYRF, uses Locality Sensitive Hashing (LSH)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Giannis Daras , Nikita Kitaev , Augustus Odena , Alexandros G. Dimakis

Recently, Transformer-based architecture has been introduced into single image deraining task due to its advantage in modeling non-local information. However, existing approaches tend to integrate global features based on a dense…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-16 Zhentao Fan , Hongming Chen , Yufeng Li

As its core computation, a self-attention mechanism gauges pairwise correlations across the entire input sequence. Despite favorable performance, calculating pairwise correlations is prohibitively costly. While recent work has shown the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-02 Amir Yazdanbakhsh , Ashkan Moradifirouzabadi , Zheng Li , Mingu Kang

Training causal transformers at extreme sequence lengths is bottlenecked by the quadratic time and memory of scaled dot-product attention (SDPA). In this work, we propose Lighthouse Attention, a training-only symmetrical selection-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Bowen Peng , Subho Ghosh , Jeffrey Quesnelle