English

Long Context Pre-Training with Lighthouse Attention

Computation and Language 2026-05-08 v1

Abstract

Training causal transformers at extreme sequence lengths is bottlenecked by the quadratic time and memory of scaled dot-product attention (SDPA). In this work, we propose Lighthouse Attention, a training-only symmetrical selection-based hierarchical attention algorithm that wraps around ordinary SDPA and can be easily removed towards the end of the training. Our hierarchical selection is also gradient-free, which exempts us from dealing with a complicated and potentially inefficient backward pass kernel. Our contribution is three-fold: (i) A subquadratic hierarchical pre- and post-processing step that does adaptive compression and decompression of the sequence. (ii) A symmetrical compression strategy that pools queries, keys and values at the same time, while preserving left-to-right causality, which greatly improves parallelism. (iii) A two stage training approach which we pre-train for the majority of the time with Lighthouse Attention and recover a full attention model at the end with a short training. We run preliminary small scale LLM pre-training experiments that show the effectiveness of our method compared to full attention training with all other settings matched, where we achieve a faster total training time and lower final loss after the recovery phase. Full code is available at: https://github.com/ighoshsubho/lighthouse-attention

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2605.06554,
  title  = {Long Context Pre-Training with Lighthouse Attention},
  author = {Bowen Peng and Subho Ghosh and Jeffrey Quesnelle},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2605.06554},
  year   = {2026}
}

Comments

18 pages, 4 figures, 4 tables

R2 v1 2026-07-01T12:55:35.353Z