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We study the barycenter of the Hellinger--Kantorovich metric over non-negative measures on compact, convex subsets of $\mathbb{R}^d$. The article establishes existence, uniqueness (under suitable assumptions) and equivalence between a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-01-26 Gero Friesecke , Daniel Matthes , Bernhard Schmitzer

We study the computation of doubly regularized Wasserstein barycenters, a recently introduced family of entropic barycenters governed by inner and outer regularization strengths. Previous research has demonstrated that various…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-07-26 Lénaïc Chizat , Tomas Vaškevičius

The primary choice to summarize a finite collection of random objects is by using measures of central tendency, such as mean and median. In the field of optimal transport, the Wasserstein barycenter corresponds to the Fr\'{e}chet or…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-03 Kisung You , Dennis Shung , Mauro Giuffrè

Exploiting the analogy between Gaussian Distributions and Gaussian Processes' posterior, we present how the weighted Wasserstein Barycenter of Gaussian Processes (W2BGP) can be used to unify, under a common framework, different exotic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Antonio Candelieri , Francesco Archetti

A common feature of methods for analyzing samples of probability density functions is that they respect the geometry inherent to the space of densities. Once a metric is specified for this space, the Fr\'echet mean is typically used to…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-12-20 Alexander Petersen , Hans-Georg Müller

In this article, we study Wasserstein-type metrics and corresponding barycenters for mixtures of a chosen subset of probability measures called atoms hereafter. In particular, this works extends what was proposed by Delon and Desolneux [A…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-01-20 Geneviève Dusson , Virginie Ehrlacher , Nathalie Nouaime

This work presents an algorithm to sample from the Wasserstein barycenter of absolutely continuous measures. Our method is based on the gradient flow of the multimarginal formulation of the Wasserstein barycenter, with an additive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-06 Chiheb Daaloul , Thibaut Le Gouic , Jacques Liandrat , Magali Tournus

This paper considers the problem of measure estimation under the barycentric coding model (BCM), in which an unknown measure is assumed to belong to the set of Wasserstein-2 barycenters of a finite set of known measures. Estimating a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-06-29 Matthew Werenski , Ruijie Jiang , Abiy Tasissa , Shuchin Aeron , James M. Murphy

We prove the large deviations principle for empirical Bures-Wasserstein barycenters of independent, identically-distributed samples of covariance matrices and covariance operators. As an application, we explore some consequences of our…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-09-18 Adam Quinn Jaffe , Leonardo V. Santoro

We introduce and study a novel model-selection strategy for Bayesian learning, based on optimal transport, along with its associated predictive posterior law: the Wasserstein population barycenter of the posterior law over models. We first…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-11-10 Julio Backhoff-Veraguas , Joaquin Fontbona , Gonzalo Rios , Felipe Tobar

We present a stochastic algorithm to compute the barycenter of a set of probability distributions under the Wasserstein metric from optimal transport. Unlike previous approaches, our method extends to continuous input distributions and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-06-08 Sebastian Claici , Edward Chien , Justin Solomon

The geometric tangent cone to a probability measure $\mu$ is a set of measure-valued applications that are almost geodesics. This is a nonlocal condition, typically lost when conditioning the measure on a given set. We show that if one…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2026-03-03 Averil Aussedat

In this paper, based on the Fr{\'e}chet mean, we define a notion of barycenter corresponding to a usual notion of statistical mean. We prove the existence of Wasserstein barycenters of random distributions defined on a geodesic space (E,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-02-15 Thibaut Le Gouic , Jean-Michel Loubes

We consider probabilistic models for sequential observations which exhibit gradual transitions among a finite number of states. We are particularly motivated by applications such as human activity analysis where observed accelerometer time…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-22 Kevin C. Cheng , Shuchin Aeron , Michael C. Hughes , Eric L. Miller

We present a framework to simultaneously align and smooth data in the form of multiple point clouds sampled from unknown densities with support in a d-dimensional Euclidean space. This work is motivated by applications in bioinformatics…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-08-28 Jérémie Bigot , Elsa Cazelles , Nicolas Papadakis

We propose a hybrid resampling method to approximate finitely supported Wasserstein barycenters on large-scale datasets, which can be combined with any exact solver. Nonasymptotic bounds on the expected error of the objective value as well…

Computation · Statistics 2021-05-28 Florian Heinemann , Axel Munk , Yoav Zemel

Computing the unregularized Wasserstein barycenter for measure-valued data is a challenging optimization task. Recent algorithms have been tailored to either discrete measures as point clouds or continuous measures discretized on regular…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-13 Peng Xu , Changbo Zhu , Xiaohui Chen

This paper presents an efficient algorithm for the progressive approximation of Wasserstein barycenters of persistence diagrams, with applications to the visual analysis of ensemble data. Given a set of scalar fields, our approach enables…

Graphics · Computer Science 2019-10-10 Jules Vidal , Joseph Budin , Julien Tierny

We establish a strong law of large numbers and a central limit theorem in the Bures-Wasserstein space of covariance operators -- or equivalently centred Gaussian measures -- over a general separable Hilbert space. Specifically, we show that…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-11-05 Leonardo V. Santoro , Victor M. Panaretos

The Wasserstein barycenter problem seeks a probability measure that minimizes the weighted average of the Wasserstein distances to a given collection of probability measures. We study the discrete setting, where each measure has finite…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-11-07 Jiaqi Wang , Weijun Xie