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Imbalanced datasets in medical imaging are characterized by skewed class proportions and scarcity of abnormal cases. When trained using such data, models tend to assign higher probabilities to normal cases, leading to biased performance.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Yumnah Hasan , Fatemeh Amerehi , Patrick Healy , Conor Ryan

Over the years, the Invariant Scattering Transform (IST) technique has become popular for medical image analysis, including using wavelet transform computation using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) to capture patterns' scale and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-01 Md Manjurul Ahsan , Shivakumar Raman , Zahed Siddique

Nonlinear optical methods, such as coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) and stimulated Raman scattering (SRS), are able to perform label free imaging, with chemical bonds specificity. Here, we demonstrate that the use of circularly…

Beam steering is the process involving the calibration of the angle and position at which a particle accelerator's electron beam is incident upon the x-ray target with respect to the rotation axis of the collimator. Beam Steering is an…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2023-11-14 Isaac Kante

Linear regression models depend directly on the design matrix and its properties. Techniques that efficiently estimate model coefficients by partitioning rows of the design matrix are increasingly popular for large-scale problems because…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-07-23 Michael J. Kane , Bryan Lewis , Sekhar Tatikonda , Simon Urbanek

Measuring the stellar position angle provides valuable information on binary stellar formation or stellar spin axis evolution. We aim to develop a method for determining the absolute stellar position angle using spectro-astrometric analysis…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-18 Anna-Lea Lesage , Guenter Wiedemann

Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) is an indispensable tool for atomic-resolution structural analysis for a wide range of materials. The conventional analysis of STEM images is an extensive hands-on process, which limits…

This paper considers wave-based imaging through a heterogeneous (random) scattering medium. The goal is to estimate the support of the reflectivity function of a remote scene from measurements of the backscattered wave field. The proposed…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-05-27 Liliana Borcea , Josselin Garnier

Aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) is widely used for atomic-level imaging of materials. To accelerate the discovery of new materials based on atomic-level investigations, the throughput of…

A spiral holographic aperture is used in the condensor plane of a scanning transmission electron microscope to produce a focussed electron vortex probe carrying a topological charge of either $-1,0$ or $+1$. The spiral aperture design has a…

Optics · Physics 2014-05-29 J. Verbeeck H. Tian A. Béché

The recent development of electron sensitive and pixelated detectors has attracted the use of four-dimensional scanning transmission electron microscopy (4D-STEM). Here, we present a precession electron diffraction assisted 4D-STEM…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2021-10-04 Jiwon Jeong , Niels Cautaerts , Gerhard Dehm , Christian H. Liebscher

Optimal experimental design seeks to determine the most informative allocation of experiments to infer an unknown statistical quantity. In this work, we investigate the optimal design of experiments for {\em estimation of linear functionals…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Mojmír Mutný , Andreas Krause

The information content of atomic resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) images can often be reduced to a handful of parameters describing each atomic column, chief amongst which is the column position. Neural networks…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-02-22 Jingrui Wei , Ben Blaiszik , Aristana Scourtas , Dane Morgan , Paul M. Voyles

Selective plane illumination microscopy (SPIM) is an optical sectioning imaging approach based on orthogonal light pathways for excitation and detection. The excitation pathway has an inverse relation between the optical sectioning strength…

Optics · Physics 2024-07-29 Steven J. Sheppard , Peter T. Brown , Douglas P. Shepherd

A reformulated implementation of single-sideband ptychography enables analysis and display of live detector data streams in 4D scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) using the LiberTEM open-source platform. This is combined with…

A new horn-shaped electrooptic scanner is described with significantly improved scanning sensitivity over rectangular-shaped devices. In the new device, the shape of the scanner is chosen to follow the trajectory of the beam. An example…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-05-12 Jennifer C. Fang , M. J. Kawas , J. Zou , V. Gopalan , T. E. Schlesinger , Daniel D. Stancil

The kernel herding algorithm is used to construct quadrature rules in a reproducing kernel Hilbert space (RKHS). While the computational efficiency of the algorithm and stability of the output quadrature formulas are advantages of this…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-07-18 Kazuma Tsuji , Ken'ichiro Tanaka

Based on the seminal work on Array-RQMC methods and rank-1 lattice sequences by Pierre L'Ecuyer and collaborators, we introduce efficient deterministic algorithms for image synthesis. Enumerating a low discrepancy sequence along the Hilbert…

Graphics · Computer Science 2022-07-13 Alexander Keller , Carsten Wächter , Nikolaus Binder

We present a robust but still efficient simulation approach for high-resolution scanning tunneling microscopy with a flexible tip apex showing sharp submolecular features. The approach takes into account the electronic structure of sample…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-01-11 O. Krejci , P. Hapala , M. Ondracek , P. Jelinek

A rigorous formulation of the dynamics of a signal processing scheme aimed at dense signal scanning without any loss in accuracy is introduced and analyzed. Related methods proposed in the recent past lack a satisfactory analysis of whether…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-08-03 Markus Thom , Franz Gritschneder