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Learning a well-informed heuristic function for hard task planning domains is an elusive problem. Although there are known neural network architectures to represent such heuristic knowledge, it is not obvious what concrete information is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-12-06 Leah Chrestien , Tomas Pevny , Antonin Komenda , Stefan Edelkamp

Recently, Transformer has become a prevailing deep architecture for solving vehicle routing problems (VRPs). However, it is less effective in learning improvement models for VRP because its positional encoding (PE) method is not suitable in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-02 Yining Ma , Jingwen Li , Zhiguang Cao , Wen Song , Le Zhang , Zhenghua Chen , Jing Tang

The Vehicle Routing Problem with Simultaneous Pickup-Delivery and Time Windows (VRPSPDTW) has attracted much research interest in the last decade, due to its wide application in modern logistics. Since VRPSPDTW is NP-hard and exact methods…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-06-09 Shengcai Liu , Ke Tang , Xin Yao

The growing aging population has significantly increased demand for efficient home health care (HHC) services. This study introduces a Vehicle Routing and Appointment Scheduling Problem (VRASP) to simultaneously optimize caregiver routes…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-05-28 Yi Zhang , Zhenzhen Zhang

Deep reinforcement learning (RL) has been shown to be effective in producing approximate solutions to some vehicle routing problems (VRPs), especially when using policies generated by encoder-decoder attention mechanisms. While these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Joshua Levin , Randall Correll , Takanori Ide , Takafumi Suzuki , Takaho Saito , Alan Arai

Maritime Inventory Routing Problem (MIRP) plays a crucial role in the integration of global maritime commerce levels. However, there are still no well-established methodologies capable of efficiently solving large MIRP instances or their…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Nathalie Sanghikian , Rafael Meirelles , Rafael Martinelli , Anand Subramanian

Combinatorial optimization is widely applied in a number of areas nowadays. Unfortunately, many combinatorial optimization problems are NP-hard which usually means that they are unsolvable in practice. However, it is often unnecessary to…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2012-07-10 Daniel Karapetyan

This paper deals with generating of an optimized route for multiple Vehicle routing Problems (mVRP). We used a methodology of clustering the given cities depending upon the number of vehicles and each cluster is allotted to a vehicle. k-…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2010-01-26 R. Nallusamy , K. Duraiswamy , R. Dhanalaksmi , P. Parthiban

Transportation occupies one-third of the amount in the logistics costs, and accordingly transportation systems largely influence the performance of the logistics system. This work presents an adaptive data-driven innovative modular approach…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-01-08 Emir Zunic , Dzenana Donko , Emir Buza

The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into evolutionary frameworks has established a new paradigm for automated heuristic discovery. Despite their promise, these methods typically search in the discrete space of program syntax,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Cheikh Ahmed , Mahdi Mostajabdaveh , Zirui Zhou

This paper considers the vehicle routing problem with stochastic demands (VRPSD) under optimal restocking. We develop an exact algorithm that is effective for solving instances with many vehicles and few customers per route. In our…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-06-25 Alexandre Florio , Richard Hartl , Stefan Minner

This paper outlines the ideas behind developing a graph-based heuristic-driven routing algorithm designed for a particular instance of a goods transportation problem with a single good type. The proposed algorithm solves the optimization…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-02-16 Mikhail Shchukin , Aymen Ben Said , Andre Lobo Teixeira

The recent end-to-end neural solvers have shown promise for small-scale routing problems but suffered from limited real-time scaling-up performance. This paper proposes GLOP (Global and Local Optimization Policies), a unified hierarchical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Haoran Ye , Jiarui Wang , Helan Liang , Zhiguang Cao , Yong Li , Fanzhang Li

The Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) is a popular generalization of the Traveling Salesperson Problem. Instead of one salesperson traversing the entire weighted, undirected graph $G$, there are $k$ vehicles available to jointly cover the set…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Michelle Döring , Jan Fehse , Tobias Friedrich , Paula Marten , Niklas Mohrin , Kirill Simonov , Farehe Soheil , Jakob Timm , Shaily Verma

Motivated by recent progress in quantum hardware and algorithms researchers have developed quantum heuristics for optimization problems, aiming for advantages over classical methods. To date, quantum hardware is still error-prone and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-27 Friedrich Wagner , Frauke Liers

Planning safe trajectories under uncertain and dynamic conditions makes the autonomous driving problem significantly complex. Current sampling-based methods such as Rapidly Exploring Random Trees (RRTs) are not ideal for this problem…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-11-11 Kaleb Ben Naveed , Zhiqian Qiao , John M. Dolan

This study presents an in-depth computational analysis of four well-known Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem (CVRP) formulations with polynomial number of subtour elimination constraints: a node-based formulation and three arc-based…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-10-02 Deniz Aksen , Temel Oncan , Mir Ehsan Hesam Sadati

Neural Combinatorial Optimization aims to learn to solve a class of combinatorial problems through data-driven methods and notably through employing neural networks by learning the underlying distribution of problem instances. While, so far…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Daniela Thyssens , Tim Dernedde , Wilson Sentanoe , Lars Schmidt-Thieme

We study a stochastic variant of the vehicle routing problem arising in the context of domestic donor collection services. The problem we consider combines the following attributes. Customers requesting services are variable, in the sense…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-07-15 Mohsen Dastpak , Fausto Errico , Ola Jabali

Since the 1990s, considerable empirical work has been carried out to train statistical models, such as neural networks (NNs), as learned heuristics for combinatorial optimization (CO) problems. When successful, such an approach eliminates…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-01-21 Orit Davidovich , Shimrit Shtern , Segev Wasserkrug , Nimrod Megiddo