Related papers: Numerical irreducibility criteria for handlebody l…
As a generalization of the linking number, we construct a set of invariant numbers for two-component handlebody-links. These numbers are elementary divisors associated with the natural homomorphism from the first homology group of a…
A handlebody link is a union of handlebodies of positive genus embedded in 3-space, which generalizes the notion of links in classical knot theory. In this paper, we consider handlebody links with one genus 2 handlebody and $n-1$ solid…
A recent result of Funayoshi-Koda shows that a handlebody-knot of genus two has a finite symmetry group if and only if it is hyperbolic -- the exterior admits a hyperbolic structure with totally geodesic boundary -- or irreducible,…
We enumerate all genus two handlebody-knots with seven crossings, up to mirror image, extending the Ishii-Kishimoto-Moriuchi-Suzuki table.
A handlebody-link is a disjoint union of embeddings of handlebodies in $S^3$ and an HL-homotopy is an equivalence relation on handlebody-links generated by self-crossing changes. The second author and Ryo Nikkuni classified the set of…
By Thurston's hyperbolization theorem, irreducible handlebody-knots are classified into three classes: hyperbolic, toroidal, and atoroidal cylindrical. It is known that a non-trivial handlebody-knot of genus two has a finite symmetry group…
We give lower bounds for the tunnel number of knots and handlebody-knots. We also give a lower bound for the cutting number, which is a "dual" notion to the tunnel number in the handlebody-knot theory. We provide necessary conditions for…
We consider knots and links in handlebodies that have hyperbolic complements and operations akin to composition. Cutting the complements of two such open along separating twice-punctured disks such that each of the four resulting…
A handlebody-knot is a handlebody embedded in the 3-sphere. We establish a uniform method to construct invariants for handlebody-links. We introduce the category $\mathcal{T}$ of handlebody-tangles and present it by generators and…
We obtain explicit upper bounds for the number of irreducible factors for a class of compositions of polynomials in several variables over a given field. In particular, some irreducibility criteria are given for this class of compositions…
There is a question asking whether a handle-irreducible summand of every stable-ribbon surface-link is a unique ribbon surface-link. This question for the case of a trivial surface-link is affirmatively answered. That is, a…
We show that a handlebody-knot whose exterior is boundary-irreducible has a unique maximal unnested set of knotted handle decomposing spheres up to isotopies and annulus-moves. As an application, we show that the handlebody-knots $6_{14}$…
We define a class of links in handlebodies called ``charm bracelets," which are a subset of staked links. We provide tools to construct infinitely many such hyperbolic links and bound the corresponding volumes from below in terms of volumes…
The stable Kauffman conjecture posits that a knot in $S^3$ is slice if and only if it admits a slice derivative. We prove a related statement: A knot is handle-ribbon (also called strongly homotopy-ribbon) in a homotopy 4-ball $B$ if and…
We investigate the class of $3$-decomposable genus two handlebody-knots and provide a complete classification of essential annuli in their exteriors. We introduce the notion of $\tau$- and $\rho$-tangles and good rectangles and annuli. By…
For every integer $g\ge 2$ we construct 3-dimensional genus-$g$ 1-handlebodies smoothly embedded in $S^4$ with the same boundary, and which are defined by the same cut systems of their boundary, yet which are not isotopic rel. boundary via…
We give lower bounds for the Gordian distance and the unknotting number of handlebody-knots by using Alexander biquandle colorings. We construct handlebody-knots with Gordian distance $n$ and unknotting number $n$ for any positive integer…
We present two practical and widely applicable methods, including some criteria and a general procedure, for detecting Brunnian property of a link, if each component is known to be unknot. The methods are based on observation and handwork.…
We classify the irreducible components of the Hilbert scheme of $n$ points on non-reduced algebraic plane curves, and give a formula for the multiplicities of the irreducible components. The irreducible components are indexed by partitions…
In this paper, we study a geometric/topological measure of knots and links called the nullification number. The nullification of knots/links is believed to be biologically relevant. For example, in DNA topology, one can intuitively regard…