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Memristor-based crossbar arrays represent a promising emerging memory technology to replace conventional memories by offering a high density and enabling computing-in-memory (CIM) paradigms. While analog computing provides the best…

This paper highlights new opportunities for designing large-scale machine learning systems as a consequence of blurring traditional boundaries that have allowed algorithm designers and application-level practitioners to stay -- for the most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-09-10 Suyog Gupta , Vikas Sindhwani , Kailash Gopalakrishnan

Neuromorphic hardware platforms can significantly lower the energy overhead of a machine learning inference task. We present a design-technology tradeoff analysis to implement such inference tasks on the processing elements (PEs) of a Non-…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-03-11 Shihao Song , Adarsha Balaji , Anup Das , Nagarajan Kandasamy

Recent years have seen a rapid rise of artificial neural networks being employed in a number of cognitive tasks. The ever-increasing computing requirements of these structures have contributed to a desire for novel technologies and…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-05-06 Dovydas Joksas , Erwei Wang , Nikolaos Barmpatsalos , Wing H. Ng , Anthony J. Kenyon , George A. Constantinides , Adnan Mehonic

Resistive random-access memory (ReRAM) crossbar arrays are suitable for efficient inference computations in neural networks due to their analog general matrix-matrix multiplication (GEMM) capabilities. However, traditional ReRAM-based…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Hery Shin , Jae-Young Kim , Donghyuk Kim , Joo-Young Kim

In today's era of "scale-out", this paper makes the case that a specialized hardware architecture based on "scale-in"--placing as many specialized processors as possible along with their memory systems and interconnect links within one or…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-09-14 Suresh Krishna , Ravi Krishna

Fault-tolerant deep learning accelerator is the basis for highly reliable deep learning processing and critical to deploy deep learning in safety-critical applications such as avionics and robotics. Since deep learning is known to be…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-12-22 Qing Zhang , Cheng Liu , Bo Liu , Haitong Huang , Ying Wang , Huawei Li , Xiaowei Li

Neuromorphic-style inference only works well if limited hardware resources are maximized properly, e.g. accuracy continues to scale with parameters and complexity in the face of potential disturbance. In this work, we use realistic crossbar…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-03-24 Christopher H. Bennett , Ryan Dellana , T. Patrick Xiao , Ben Feinberg , Sapan Agarwal , Suma Cardwell , Matthew J. Marinella , William Severa , Brad Aimone

The wide adoption of deep neural networks has been accompanied by ever-increasing energy and performance demands due to the expensive nature of training them. Numerous special-purpose architectures have been proposed to accelerate training:…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-12-30 Aayush Ankit , Izzat El Hajj , Sai Rahul Chalamalasetti , Sapan Agarwal , Matthew Marinella , Martin Foltin , John Paul Strachan , Dejan Milojicic , Wen-mei Hwu , Kaushik Roy

RRAM-based in-Memory Computing is an exciting road for implementing highly energy efficient neural networks. This vision is however challenged by RRAM variability, as the efficient implementation of in-memory computing does not allow error…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2019-02-08 Marc Bocquet , Tifenn Hirztlin , Jacques-Olivier Klein , Etienne Nowak , Elisa Vianello , Jean-Michel Portal , Damien Querlioz

Memristor crossbar architecture is one of the most popular circuit configurations due to its wide range of practical applications. The crossbar architecture can emulate the weighted summation operation, called multiply and accumulate…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-04-21 Alex James , Leon Chua

Computing-in-Memory (CIM) accelerators are a promising solution for accelerating Machine Learning (ML) workloads, as they perform Matrix-Vector Multiplications (MVMs) on crossbar arrays directly in memory. Although the bit widths of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Rebecca Pelke , Joel Klein , Jose Cubero-Cascante , Nils Bosbach , Jan Moritz Joseph , Rainer Leupers

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs), as a subset of Machine Learning (ML) techniques, entail that real-world data can be learned and that decisions can be made in real-time. However, their wide adoption is hindered by a number of software and…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-09-10 Kamilya Smagulova , Mohammed E. Fouda , Fadi Kurdahi , Khaled Salama , Ahmed Eltawil

In this paper, we present an efficient hardware mapping methodology for realizing vector matrix multiplication (VMM) on resistive memory (RRAM) arrays. Using the proposed VMM computation technique, we experimentally demonstrate a…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2020-06-11 Sandeep Kaur Kingra , Vivek Parmar , Shubham Negi , Sufyan Khan , Boris Hudec , Tuo-Hung Hou , Manan Suri

Accelerating training of artificial neural networks (ANN) with analog resistive crossbar arrays is a promising idea. While the concept has been verified on very small ANNs and toy data sets (such as MNIST), more realistically sized ANNs and…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-02-17 Malte J. Rasch , Tayfun Gokmen , Wilfried Haensch

Recently several structured pruning techniques have been introduced for energy-efficient implementation of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) with lesser number of crossbars. Although, these techniques have claimed to preserve the accuracy of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-17 Abhiroop Bhattacharjee , Lakshya Bhatnagar , Priyadarshini Panda

Data-driven modeling approaches such as jump tables are promising techniques to model populations of resistive random-access memory (ReRAM) or other emerging memory devices for hardware neural network simulations. As these tables rely on…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Osama Yousuf , Imtiaz Hossen , Matthew W. Daniels , Martin Lueker-Boden , Andrew Dienstfrey , Gina C. Adam

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have made breakthroughs in various fields including image recognition and language processing. DNNs execute hundreds of millions of multiply-and-accumulate (MAC) operations. To efficiently accelerate such…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-08 Amro Eldebiky , Grace Li Zhang , Xunzhao Yin , Cheng Zhuo , Ing-Chao Lin , Ulf Schlichtmann , Bing Li

The use of deep learning has grown at an exponential rate, giving rise to numerous specialized hardware and software systems for deep learning. Because the design space of deep learning software stacks and hardware accelerators is diverse…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Zhan Shi , Chirag Sakhuja , Milad Hashemi , Kevin Swersky , Calvin Lin

Compute-In-Memory (CIM) systems, particularly those utilizing ReRAM and memristive technologies, offer a promising path toward energy-efficient neural network computation. However, conventional quantization and compression techniques often…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Guan-Cheng Chen , Chieh-Lin Tsai , Pei-Hsuan Tsai , Yuan-Hao Chang