Related papers: Material decomposition from a single x-ray project…
The in situ synchrotron high-energy X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) technique is highly utilized by researchers to analyze the crystallographic structures of materials in functional devices (e.g., battery materials) or in complex sample…
Although there have been significant advancements in image compression techniques, such as standard and learned codecs, these methods still suffer from severe quality degradation at extremely low bits per pixel. While recent diffusion-based…
X-ray phase-contrast imaging enhances soft tissue visualization by leveraging the phase shift of X-rays passing through materials. It permits to minimize radiation exposure due to high contrast, as well as high resolution imaging limited by…
Acquiring images of the same anatomy with multiple different contrasts increases the diversity of diagnostic information available in an MR exam. Yet, scan time limitations may prohibit acquisition of certain contrasts, and images for some…
Multiphase powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) analysis remains a fundamental bottleneck in structure identification, as real-world synthesis often produces complex mixtures whose constituent phases (components) cannot be reliably disentangled.…
Recently, X-ray interferometers with more than one phase grating have been developed for differential phase contrast (DPC) imaging. In this study, a novel framework is developed to predict such interferometers' angular sensitivity responses…
A unified method for three-dimensional reconstruction of objects from transmission images collected at multiple illumination directions is described. The method may be applicable to experimental conditions relevant to absorption-based,…
Ptychography provides highly efficient imaging in scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), but questions have remained over its applicability to strongly scattering samples such as those most commonly seen in materialsscience.…
Optical microscopy is without a doubt an essential component of life science research, but many objects of interest in biology are transparent. Chemical or immunological dyes, which can often be toxic, fluorescent transgenes, which require…
Directional dark-field imaging is an emerging x-ray modality that is sensitive to unresolved anisotropic scattering from sub-pixel sample microstructures. A single-grid imaging set-up can be used to capture dark-field images by looking at…
We report the initial demonstrations of the use of single crystals in indirect x-ray imaging for x-ray phase contrast imaging at the Washington University in St. Louis Computational Bioimaging Laboratory (CBL). Based on single Gaussian peak…
Diffraction imaging of non-equilibrium dynamics at atomic resolution is becoming possible with X-ray free-electron lasers. However, there are unresolved problems with applying this method to objects that are confined in only one dimension.…
Holographic coherent X-ray imaging enables nanoscale imaging of biological cells and tissues, rendering both phase and absorption contrast, i.e. real and imaginary parts of the refractive index. Unlike the standard model, which assumes a…
X-ray phase contrast tomography (XPCT) is widely used for 3D imaging of objects with weak contrast in X-ray absorption index but strong contrast in refractive index decrement. To reconstruct an object imaged using XPCT, phase retrieval…
X-ray microtomography is a versatile tool allowing the measurement of the 3D structure of optically thick samples. As a non-destructive technique, it is readily adapted to 4D imaging, where a sample can be monitored over time, and…
Dual energy computed tomography (DECT) imaging plays an important role in advanced imaging applications due to its material decomposition capability. Image-domain decomposition operates directly on CT images using linear matrix inversion,…
In the hard X rays domain, the phase shift of the wave passing through the soft materials like tissues is typically three orders of magnitude larger than the absorption. Therefore the phase-sensitive X-ray imaging methods can obtain…
In this paper, we develop a novel phase retrieval approach to reconstruct x-ray differential phase shift induced by an object. A primary advantage of our approach is a higher-order accuracy over that with the conventional linear…
Flatbed scanners have emerged as promising devices for high-resolution, single-image material capture. However, existing approaches assume very specific conditions, such as uniform diffuse illumination, which are only available in certain…
A simple optical method is presented for identifying and measuring the effective optical properties of nanometer-thick, graphene-based materials, based on the use of substrates consisting of a thin dielectric layer on silicon. High contrast…