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Related papers: A note on causation versus correlation

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It is often claimed that one cannot locate a notion of causation in fundamental physical theories. The reason most commonly given is that the dynamics of those theories do not support any distinction between the past and the future, and…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2022-04-15 Porter Williams

Causality has become a fundamental approach for explaining the relationships between events, phenomena, and outcomes in various fields of study. It has invaded various fields and applications, such as medicine, healthcare, economics,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Abraham Itzhak Weinberg , Cristiano Premebida , Diego Resende Faria

Causality is fundamental to science, but it appears in several different forms. One is relativistic causality, which is tied to a space-time structure and forbids signalling outside the future. A second is an operational notion of causation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-14 V. Vilasini , Roger Colbeck

Emergence and causality are two fundamental concepts for understanding complex systems. They are interconnected. On one hand, emergence refers to the phenomenon where macroscopic properties cannot be solely attributed to the cause of…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-02-27 Bing Yuan , Zhang Jiang , Aobo Lyu , Jiayun Wu , Zhipeng Wang , Mingzhe Yang , Kaiwei Liu , Muyun Mou , Peng Cui

I want to show situations in which causal relation of two events is entangled and similar to time paradox, without employing time machines. Such situations will be obtained in measurement by two measurement devices moving mutually.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Narumi Ohkawa

We derive fidelity decay and parametric energy correlations for random matrix ensembles where time--reversal invariance of the original Hamiltonian is broken by the perturbation. Like in the case of a symmetry conserving perturbation a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-27 H. Kohler , T. Nagao , H. -J. Stöckmann

Understanding the relation of events plays an important role in different domains, such as identifying the reasons for users' certain actions from application logs as well as explaining sports players' behaviors according to historical…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-08-28 Xiao Xie , Moqi He , Yingcai Wu

The results of space-like separated measurements are independent of distant measurement settings, a property one might call two-way no-signalling. In contrast, time-like separated measurements are only one-way no-signalling since the past…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-10-13 Stephen Brierley , Adrian Kosowski , Marcin Markiewicz , Tomasz Paterek , Anna Przysiezna

When a second-order phase transition is crossed at fine rate, the evolution of the system stops being adiabatic as a result of the critical slowing down in the neighborhood of the critical point. In systems with a topologically nontrivial…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2013-09-13 A. del Campo , T. W. B. Kibble , W. H. Zurek

We consider the effect of temporal aggregation on instantaneous (non-temporal) causal discovery in general setting. This is motivated by the observation that the true causal time lag is often considerably shorter than the observational…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-09-11 Shunxing Fan , Mingming Gong , Kun Zhang

In this set of five lectures the authors have presented techniques to analyze open classical and quantum systems using correlation matrices. For diverse reasons we shall see that random matrices play an important role to describe a null…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2014-02-12 Vinayak , Thomas H. Seligman

The momentum or velocity autocorrelation function C(t) for a tagged oscillator in a finite harmonic system decays like that of an infinite system for short times, but exhibits erratic behavior at longer time scales. We introduce the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-12-22 Dan Plyukhin , Alex V. Plyukhin

This is an examination of some methods that learn causations in event sequences. A causation is defined as a conjunction of one or more cause events occurring in an arbitrary order, with possible intervening non-causal events, that lead to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Thomas E. Portegys

The recently developed framework for quantum theory with no global causal order allows for quantum processes in which operations in local laboratories are neither causally ordered nor in a probabilistic mixture of definite causal orders.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-21 Veronika Baumann , Časlav Brukner

We introduce an approach which allows detecting causal relationships between variables for which the time evolution is available. Causality is assessed by a variational scheme based on the Information Imbalance of distance ranks, a…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-05-07 Vittorio Del Tatto , Gianfranco Fortunato , Domenica Bueti , Alessandro Laio

We discuss the usual account of causal structure that relies on the temporal precedence constraint between cause-effect pairs. In particular, we consider the subtle interplay between local and global characters of time and causality encoded…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Eric Bois , Eric Trelut

Causality plays a central role in understanding interactions between variables in complex systems. These systems often exhibit state-dependent causal relationships, where both the strength and direction of causality vary with the value of…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2025-08-05 Álvaro Martínez-Sánchez , Adrián Lozano-Durán

Causal inference is often portrayed as fundamentally distinct from predictive modeling, with its own terminology, goals, and intellectual challenges. But at its core, causal inference is simply a structured instance of prediction under…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Carlos Fernández-Loría

A mathematical definition of classical causality over discrete spacetime dynamics is formulated. The approach is background free and permits a definition of causality in a precise way whenever the spacetime dynamics permits. It gives a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 George Jaroszkiewicz

It is proved that in a distinguishing spacetime the horismos relation E^+=J^+\I^+ generates the causal relation J^+. In other words two causally related events are joined by a chain of horismotically related events, or again, the causal…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-06-24 E. Minguzzi