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Quantum computers offer the potential for efficiently sampling from complex probability distributions, attracting increasing interest in generative modeling within quantum machine learning. This surge in interest has driven the development…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-19 Maria Demidik , Cenk Tüysüz , Nico Piatkowski , Michele Grossi , Karl Jansen

Although several models have been proposed towards assisting machine learning (ML) tasks with quantum computers, a direct comparison of the expressive power and efficiency of classical versus quantum models for datasets originating from…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-01-09 Javier Alcazar , Vicente Leyton-Ortega , Alejandro Perdomo-Ortiz

We present a mathematical construction for the restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM) that doesn't require specifying the number of hidden units. In fact, the hidden layer size is adaptive and can grow during training. This is obtained by first…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-03-21 Marc-Alexandre Côté , Hugo Larochelle

We develop a machine learning method to construct accurate ground-state wave functions of strongly interacting and entangled quantum spin as well as fermionic models on lattices. A restricted Boltzmann machine algorithm in the form of an…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2017-11-30 Yusuke Nomura , Andrew S. Darmawan , Youhei Yamaji , Masatoshi Imada

The infinite restricted Boltzmann machine (iRBM) is an extension of the classic RBM. It enjoys a good property of automatically deciding the size of the hidden layer according to specific training data. With sufficient training, the iRBM…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-07-30 Xuan Peng , Xunzhang Gao , Xiang Li

Quantum Boltzmann machines (QBMs) are generative models with potential advantages in quantum machine learning, yet their training is fundamentally limited by the barren plateau problem, where gradients vanish exponentially with system size.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-06 Takeshi Kimura , Kohtaro Kato , Masahito Hayashi

In this article we provide a method for fully quantum generative training of quantum Boltzmann machines with both visible and hidden units while using quantum relative entropy as an objective. This is significant because prior methods were…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-27 Nathan Wiebe , Leonard Wossnig

We consider a special type of Restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM), namely a Gaussian-spherical RBM where the visible units have Gaussian priors while the vector of hidden variables is constrained to stay on an ${\mathbbm L}_2$ sphere. The…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2023-07-17 Aurélien Decelle , Cyril Furtlehner

Restricted Boltzmann Machines (RBMs) are widely used probabilistic undirected graphical models with visible and latent nodes, playing an important role in statistics and machine learning. The task of structure learning for RBMs involves…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-26 Liming Zhao , Aman Agrawal , Patrick Rebentrost

A restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM) is an undirected graphical model constructed for discrete or continuous random variables, with two layers, one hidden and one visible, and no conditional dependency within a layer. In recent years, RBMs…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-09-12 Andee Kaplan , Daniel Nordman , Stephen Vardeman

Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems have shown good success at classifying. However, the lack of explainability is a true and significant challenge, especially in high-stakes domains, such as health and finance, where understanding is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-14 A. M. A. S. D. Alagiyawanna , Asoka Karunananda , Thushari Silva , A. Mahasinghe

In recent years, deep learning has had a profound impact on machine learning and artificial intelligence. At the same time, algorithms for quantum computers have been shown to efficiently solve some problems that are intractable on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-25 Nathan Wiebe , Ashish Kapoor , Krysta M. Svore

We introduce theoretically grounded Continuous Semi-Quantum Boltzmann Machines (CSQBMs) that supports continuous-action reinforcement learning. By combining exponential-family priors over visible units with quantum Boltzmann distributions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Thore Gerlach , Michael Schenk , Verena Kain

Many computer vision applications involve modeling complex spatio-temporal patterns in high-dimensional motion data. Recently, restricted Boltzmann machines (RBMs) have been widely used to capture and represent spatial patterns in a single…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-10-24 Siqi Nie , Ziheng Wang , Qiang Ji

The Restricted Boltzmann Machine (RBM), an important tool used in machine learning in particular for unsupervized learning tasks, is investigated from the perspective of its spectral properties. Starting from empirical observations, we…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2018-01-17 Aurélien Decelle , Giancarlo Fissore , Cyril Furtlehner

The restricted Boltzmann machine is a network of stochastic units with undirected interactions between pairs of visible and hidden units. This model was popularized as a building block of deep learning architectures and has continued to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-06-20 Guido Montufar

Restricted Boltzmann Machine (RBM) is a generative stochastic energy-based model of artificial neural network for unsupervised learning. Recently, RBM is well known to be a pre-training method of Deep Learning. In addition to visible and…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-07-12 Shin Kamada , Takumi Ichimura

Neural-Network Quantum State (NQS) has attracted significant interests as a powerful wave-function ansatz to model quantum phenomena. In particular, a variant of NQS based on the restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM) has been adapted to model…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-12-09 Chang-yu Hsieh , Qiming Sun , Shengyu Zhang , Chee Kong Lee

Restricted Boltzmann Machines (RBMs) are a class of generative neural network that are typically trained to maximize a log-likelihood objective function. We argue that likelihood-based training strategies may fail because the objective does…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-04-25 Charles K. Fisher , Aaron M. Smith , Jonathan R. Walsh

This review deals with Restricted Boltzmann Machine (RBM) under the light of statistical physics. The RBM is a classical family of Machine learning (ML) models which played a central role in the development of deep learning. Viewing it as a…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2023-07-17 Aurélien Decelle , Cyril Furtlehner
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