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Restricted Boltzmann Machines (RBM) are simple statistical models defined on a bipartite graph which have been successfully used in studying more complicated many-body systems, both classical and quantum. In this work, we exploit the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2021-01-13 Ermal Rrapaj , Alessandro Roggero

Representation by neural networks, in particular by restricted Boltzmann machines (RBM), has provided a powerful computational tool to solve quantum many-body problems. An important open question is how to characterize which class of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-23 Sirui Lu , Xun Gao , L. -M. Duan

Quantum Boltzmann machines (QBMs) are machine-learning models for both classical and quantum data. We give an operational definition of QBM learning in terms of the difference in expectation values between the model and target, taking into…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-13 Luuk Coopmans , Marcello Benedetti

The quantum Boltzmann machine (QBM) is a generative machine learning model for both classical data and quantum states. Training the QBM consists of minimizing the relative entropy from the model to the target state. This requires QBM…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-24 Onno Huijgen , Luuk Coopmans , Peyman Najafi , Marcello Benedetti , Hilbert J. Kappen

Restricted Boltzmann machines (RBMs) are a class of neural networks that have been successfully employed as a variational ansatz for quantum many-body wave functions. Here, we develop an analytic method to study quantum many-body spin…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-06 Xiao-Qi Sun , Tamra Nebabu , Xizhi Han , Michael O. Flynn , Xiao-Liang Qi

Restricted Boltzmann Machine (RBM) is an importan- t generative model modeling vectorial data. While applying an RBM in practice to images, the data have to be vec- torized. This results in high-dimensional data and valu- able spatial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-01-06 Guanglei Qi , Yanfeng Sun , Junbin Gao , Yongli Hu , Jinghua Li

Classification of sequence data is the topic of interest for dynamic Bayesian models and Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs). While the former can explicitly model the temporal dependencies between class variables, the latter have a capability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-03-12 Son N. Tran , Srikanth Cherla , Artur Garcez , Tillman Weyde

In recent years, researchers have been exploring ways to generalize Boltzmann machines (BMs) to quantum systems, leading to the development of variations such as fully-visible and restricted quantum Boltzmann machines (QBMs). Due to the…

Quantum Boltzmann machines are natural quantum generalizations of Boltzmann machines that are expected to be more expressive than their classical counterparts, as evidenced both numerically for small systems and asymptotically under various…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-03-05 Eric R. Anschuetz , Yudong Cao

Finding a concrete use case for quantum computers in the near term is still an open question, with machine learning typically touted as one of the first fields which will be impacted by quantum technologies. In this work, we investigate and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-04 Brian Coyle , Maxwell Henderson , Justin Chan Jin Le , Niraj Kumar , Marco Paini , Elham Kashefi

We propose a neural-network variational quantum algorithm to simulate the time evolution of quantum many-body systems. Based on a modified restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM) wavefunction ansatz, the proposed algorithm can be efficiently…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-12 Chee-Kong Lee , Pranay Patil , Shengyu Zhang , Chang-Yu Hsieh

One of the primary applications of classical Boltzmann machines is generative modeling, wherein the goal is to tune the parameters of a model distribution so that it closely approximates a target distribution. Training relies on estimating…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-24 Mark M. Wilde

Restricted Boltzmann Machines (RBMs) offer a versatile architecture for unsupervised machine learning that can in principle approximate any target probability distribution with arbitrary accuracy. However, the RBM model is usually not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-27 Lennart Dabelow , Masahito Ueda

The great success of neural networks in recognizing hidden patterns and correlations in complex data lies in the way they take advantage of the large number of parameters and nonlinear single-unit activation, jointly. Restricted Boltzmann…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2026-05-20 Giovanni di Sarra , Yasser Roudi

The deep extension of the restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM), known as the deep Boltzmann machine (DBM), is an expressive family of machine learning models which can serve as compact representations of complex probability distributions.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-18 Haik Manukian , Massimiliano Di Ventra

Generative modeling with machine learning has provided a new perspective on the data-driven task of reconstructing quantum states from a set of qubit measurements. As increasingly large experimental quantum devices are built in…

A Restricted Boltzmann Machine (RBM) is an unsupervised machine-learning bipartite graphical model that jointly learns a probability distribution over data and extracts their relevant statistical features. As such, RBM were recently…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-19 Jérôme Tubiana , Simona Cocco , Rémi Monasson

A specific type of neural network, the Restricted Boltzmann Machine (RBM), is implemented for classification and feature detection in machine learning. RBM is characterized by separate layers of visible and hidden units, which are able to…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2012-01-11 Adriano Barra , Alberto Bernacchia , Enrica Santucci , Pierluigi Contucci

Quantum machine learning has emerged as a potential practical application of near-term quantum devices. In this work, we study a two-layer hybrid classical-quantum classifier in which a first layer of quantum stochastic neurons implementing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-11 Ivana Nikoloska , Osvaldo Simeone

The restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM) is one of the fundamental building blocks of deep learning. RBM finds wide applications in dimensional reduction, feature extraction, and recommender systems via modeling the probability distributions…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2018-02-07 Jing Chen , Song Cheng , Haidong Xie , Lei Wang , Tao Xiang