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Deterministic discrimination of nonorthogonal states is forbidden by quantum measurement theory. However, if we do not want to succeed all the time, i.e. allow for inconclusive outcomes to occur, then unambiguous discrimination becomes…
Optical angular momentum (OAM) in light beams is manifested as the two-dimensional spatial distribution of its complex amplitude, necessitating a 2D detector for its measurement. Here we present a novel speckle-based machine learning…
Classical measurement strategies in many areas are approaching their maximum resolution and sensitivity levels, but these levels often still fall far short of the ultimate limits allowed by the laws of physics. To go further, strategies…
An orbital angular momentum (OAM) detection approach at microwave band is proposed. A transmittance function is exploited to model a transmissive metasurface. Then the metasurface is designed to convert an OAM wave to multiple waves, only…
The practice of collider physics typically involves the marginalization of multi-dimensional collider data to uni-dimensional observables relevant for some physics task. In any cases, such as classification or anomaly detection, the…
We demonstrate a novel detection scheme for the orbital angular momentum (OAM) of light using circular plasmonic lens. Owing to a division-of-amplitude interference phenomenon between the surface plasmon waves and directly transmitted…
Chiral microlasers with orbital angular momenta are promising platforms for developing integrated high-dimensional photonic devices. However, it's still challenging to arbitrarily manipulate the degree of chirality and quantum numbers of…
The construction of good effective models is an essential part of understanding and simulating complex systems in many areas of science. It is a particular challenge for correlated many body quantum systems displaying emergent physics. We…
Directed atomic fabrication using an aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) opens new pathways for atomic engineering of functional materials. In this approach, the electron beam is used to actively alter the…
The problem of unambiguously distinguishing among nonorthogonal but linearly independent quantum states can be solved by mapping the set of nonorthogonal quantum states onto a set of orthogonal ones, which can then be distinguished without…
Electron microscopes have been improved to achieve ever smaller beam spots, a key parameter that determines the instrument's resolution. The techniques to measure the size of the beam, however, have not progressed to the same degree. There…
Optical orbital angular momentum (OAM) provides an additional dimension for photons to carry information in high-capacity optical communication. Although the practical needs have intrigued the generations of miniaturized devices to…
The coherent control of electron beams and ultrafast electron wave packets dynamics have attracted significant attention in electron microscopy as well as in atomic physics. In order to unify the conceptual pictures developed in both…
An optimal estimator of quantum states based on a modified Kalman Filter is presented in this work. Such estimator acts after state measurement, allowing to obtain an optimal estimation of quantum state resulting in the output of any…
We demonstrate experimentally a simple and easy-to-use technique aimed at measuring the complex orbital angular momentum spectrum of an arbitrary optical field making use of just polarization measurements. The technique can be applied to…
We report on the automatic alignment of a transmission electron microscope equipped with an orbital angular momentum sorter using a convolutional neural network. The neural network is able to control all relevant parameters of both the…
We show that quantum computational imaging is advantageous in the setting of low-dose electron microscopy of beam-sensitive specimens. Two qudits placed near the electron beam enable full transfer of quantum information between the electron…
Orbital angular momentum (OAM) light possesses in addition to its usual helicity ($s=\pm \hbar$, depending on its circular polarization) an orbital angular momentum $l$. This means that in principle one can transfer more than a single…
We consider the problem of discriminating qubit states that are sent over a quantum channel and derive a necessary and sufficient condition for an optimal measurement to be preserved by the channel. We apply the result to the…
Photoemission orbital tomography (POT) from photoelectron momentum maps (PMMs) has enabled detailed analysis of the shape and energy of molecular orbitals in the adsorbed state. This study proposes a new POT method based on the PhaseLift.…