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With the capability of modeling bidirectional contexts, denoising autoencoding based pretraining like BERT achieves better performance than pretraining approaches based on autoregressive language modeling. However, relying on corrupting the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-01-03 Zhilin Yang , Zihang Dai , Yiming Yang , Jaime Carbonell , Ruslan Salakhutdinov , Quoc V. Le

Traditionally, research in automated speech recognition has focused on local-first encoding of audio representations to predict the spoken phonemes in an utterance. Unfortunately, approaches relying on such hyper-local information tend to…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-19 David M. Chan , Shalini Ghosh , Debmalya Chakrabarty , Björn Hoffmeister

In the recent trend of semi-supervised speech recognition, both self-supervised representation learning and pseudo-labeling have shown promising results. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to combine their ideas for end-to-end…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-11 Shaoshi Ling , Chen Shen , Meng Cai , Zejun Ma

Large language models such as GPT-3 (Brown et al., 2020) can perform arbitrary tasks without undergoing fine-tuning after being prompted with only a few labeled examples. An arbitrary task can be reformulated as a natural language prompt,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-07 Ajay Patel , Bryan Li , Mohammad Sadegh Rasooli , Noah Constant , Colin Raffel , Chris Callison-Burch

Non-autoregressive (NAR) machine translation has recently achieved significant improvements, and now outperforms autoregressive (AR) models on some benchmarks, providing an efficient alternative to AR inference. However, while AR…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-17 Sweta Agrawal , Julia Kreutzer , Colin Cherry

The de-facto standard decoding method for semantic parsing in recent years has been to autoregressively decode the abstract syntax tree of the target program using a top-down depth-first traversal. In this work, we propose an alternative…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-13 Ohad Rubin , Jonathan Berant

Diffusion models have demonstrated strong potential in language modeling, offering various advantages over traditional autoregressive approaches. Their ability to generate and revise entire responses in parallel enables faster generation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Michael Hersche , Samuel Moor-Smith , Thomas Hofmann , Abbas Rahimi

Most spoken language understanding systems use a pipeline approach composed of an automatic speech recognition interface and a natural language understanding module. This approach forces hard decisions when converting continuous inputs into…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Quentin Meeus , Marie-Francine Moens , Hugo Van hamme

Self-supervised learning has emerged as a powerful approach for leveraging large-scale unlabeled data to improve model performance in various domains. In this paper, we explore masked self-supervised pre-training for text recognition…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Martin Kišš , Michal Hradiš

Autoregressive speech synthesis often adopts a left-to-right order, yet generation order is a modelling choice. We investigate decoding order through masked diffusion framework, which progressively unmasks positions and allows arbitrary…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Minghui Zhao , Anton Ragni

We propose an approach for pre-training speech representations via a masked reconstruction loss. Our pre-trained encoder networks are bidirectional and can therefore be used directly in typical bidirectional speech recognition models. The…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-07 Weiran Wang , Qingming Tang , Karen Livescu

Self-supervised pretraining has been extensively studied in language and vision domains, where a unified model can be easily adapted to various downstream tasks by pretraining representations without explicit labels. When it comes to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-25 Yanchao Sun , Shuang Ma , Ratnesh Madaan , Rogerio Bonatti , Furong Huang , Ashish Kapoor

This paper introduces a novel framework designed to achieve a high compression ratio in Split Learning (SL) scenarios where resource-constrained devices are involved in large-scale model training. Our investigations demonstrate that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Wenxuan Zhou , Zhihao Qu , Shen-Huan Lyu , Miao Cai , Baoliu Ye

This paper proposes and evaluates the hybrid autoregressive transducer (HAT) model, a time-synchronous encoderdecoder model that preserves the modularity of conventional automatic speech recognition systems. The HAT model provides a way to…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-18 Ehsan Variani , David Rybach , Cyril Allauzen , Michael Riley

Neural Machine Translation(NMT) models are usually trained via unidirectional decoder which corresponds to optimizing one-step-ahead prediction. However, this kind of unidirectional decoding framework may incline to focus on local structure…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-14 Xuanwei Zhang , Libin Shen , Disheng Pan , Liang Wang , Yanjun Miao

We introduce an adaptive tree search algorithm, that can find high-scoring outputs under translation models that make no assumptions about the form or structure of the search objective. This algorithm -- a deterministic variant of Monte…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-24 Wang Ling , Wojciech Stokowiec , Domenic Donato , Laurent Sartran , Lei Yu , Austin Matthews , Chris Dyer

Tasks requiring deductive reasoning, especially those involving multiple steps, often demand adaptive strategies such as intermediate generation of rationales or programs, as no single approach is universally optimal. While Language Models…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Rongxing Liu , Kumar Shridhar , Manish Prajapat , Patrick Xia , Mrinmaya Sachan

Language models (LMs) pretrained on a large text corpus and fine-tuned on a downstream text corpus and fine-tuned on a downstream task becomes a de facto training strategy for several natural language processing (NLP) tasks. Recently, an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-23 Junghoon Lee , Jounghee Kim , Pilsung Kang

Masked Diffusion Models (MDMs) have emerged as one of the most promising paradigms for generative modeling over discrete domains. It is known that MDMs effectively train to decode tokens in a random order, and that this ordering has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Prateek Garg , Bhavya Kohli , Sunita Sarawagi

Recent advances in pretraining general foundation models have significantly improved performance across diverse downstream tasks. While autoregressive (AR) generative models like GPT have revolutionized NLP, most visual generative…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Jinghan Li , Yang Jin , Hao Jiang , Yadong Mu , Yang Song , Kun Xu