Related papers: Overly Optimistic Prediction Results on Imbalanced…

Bayesian inference and the use of posterior or posterior predictive probabilities for decision making have become increasingly popular in clinical trials. The current practice in Bayesian clinical trials relies on a hybrid…

A common problem in health research is that we have a large database with many variables measured on a large number of individuals. We are interested in measuring additional variables on a subsample; these measurements may be newly…

Class-imbalance is an inherent characteristic of multi-label data which affects the prediction accuracy of most multi-label learning methods. One efficient strategy to deal with this problem is to employ resampling techniques before…

Many testing problems are readily amenable to randomised tests such as those employing data splitting. However despite their usefulness in principle, randomised tests have obvious drawbacks. Firstly, two analyses of the same dataset may…

Well-known for its simplicity and effectiveness in classification, AdaBoost, however, suffers from overfitting when class-conditional distributions have significant overlap. Moreover, it is very sensitive to noise that appears in the…

The interpretation of medical images is a challenging task, often complicated by the presence of artifacts, occlusions, limited contrast and more. Most notable is the case of chest radiography, where there is a high inter-rater variability…

This paper develops a new approach to post-selection inference for screening high-dimensional predictors of survival outcomes. Post-selection inference for right-censored outcome data has been investigated in the literature, but much…

Choice overload - in which larger choice sets are detrimental to a chooser's well-being - is potentially of great importance in the design of economic policy. Yet the current evidence on its prevalence is inconclusive. We argue that…

Semi-supervised learning is a setting in which one has labeled and unlabeled data available. In this survey we explore different types of theoretical results when one uses unlabeled data in classification and regression tasks. Most methods…

With the current ongoing debate about fairness, explainability and transparency of machine learning models, their application in high-impact clinical decision-making systems must be scrutinized. We consider a real-life example of risk…

Randomized A/B tests within online learning platforms represent an exciting direction in learning sciences. With minimal assumptions, they allow causal effect estimation without confounding bias and exact statistical inference even in small…

Unbalanced tabular data sets present significant challenges for predictive modeling and data analysis across a wide range of applications. In many real-world scenarios, such as fraud detection, medical diagnosis, and rare event prediction,…

Imbalanced datasets are ubiquitous. Classification performance on imbalanced datasets is generally poor for the minority class as the classifier cannot learn decision boundaries well. However, in sensitive applications like fraud detection,…

Spectral-spatial processing has been increasingly explored in remote sensing hyperspectral image classification. While extensive studies have focused on developing methods to improve the classification accuracy, experimental setting and…

The rapid expansion of large-scale electronic health record (EHR) data offers unique opportunities to improve the accuracy and efficiency of clinical risk estimation. Yet, because clinical events may occur outside the recording health…

Preprocessing forms an oft-neglected foundation for a wide range of statistical and scientific analyses. However, it is rife with subtleties and pitfalls. Decisions made in preprocessing constrain all later analyses and are typically…

Learning from imbalanced data is a challenging task. Standard classification algorithms tend to perform poorly when trained on imbalanced data. Some special strategies need to be adopted, either by modifying the data distribution or by…

The increased computerization in recent years has resulted in the production of a variety of different software, however measures need to be taken to ensure that the produced software isn't defective. Many researchers have worked in this…

From scientific experiments to online A/B testing, the previously observed data often affects how future experiments are performed, which in turn affects which data will be collected. Such adaptivity introduces complex correlations between…

Today, there are standard and well established procedures within the Human Activity Recognition (HAR) pipeline. However, some of these conventional approaches lead to accuracy overestimation. In particular, sliding windows for data…