Related papers: Electric charge assignment in quantum field theori…
The extensions of the Standard Model based on the $SU(3)_{C} \otimes SU(3)_{L} \otimes U(1)_{X}$ gauge group are known as 331 Models. Different properties such as the fermion assignment and the electric charges of the exotic spectrum, that…
We explain how an unexpected algebraic structure, the division algebras, can be seen to underlie a generation of quarks and leptons. From this new vantage point, electrons and quarks are simply excitations from the neutrino, which formally…
Within the context of the Standard Model, quarks are placed in a $(\mathbf{3},\mathbf{2})\oplus (\mathbf{3},\bar{\mathbf{2}})$ matter field representation of $U_{EW}(2)$. Although the quarks carry unit intrinsic electric charge in this…
A general theory of electric charge is proposed. It is based on two phenomenologies. Electric charge mutation and conservation law. Three charges $\{ +, - ,0\}$ transformations physics succeeds. Quantum field theory underlies corresponding…
We examine a generic field theory in which the field particle has two couplings. It is of particular interest when these are the electroweak, e, and the hypothetical magnetoweak, g. The new field operators are obtained by replacing the…
Using a proper gauge condition the static spherically symmetric solutions of Einstein-Maxwell equations with charged point source at the center are derived. It is shown that the solutions of the field equations are a three-parameter family…
The quantization of the electrical charge in the electrodynamics and of the hypercharge in the standard model are imposed in the theory based not on theoretical arguments but on the experimental observations. In this paper we propose a…
We give a Lagrangian description of an electric charge in a field sourced by a continuous magnetic monopole distribution. The description is made possible thanks to a doubling of the configuration space. The Legendre transform of the…
A universal C*-algebra of gauge invariant operators is presented, describing the electromagnetic field as well as operations creating pairs of static electric charges having opposite signs. Making use of Gauss' law, it is shown that the…
Quantum field theories with global symmetries simplify considerably in the large-charge limit allowing to compute correlators via a semiclassical expansion in the inverse powers of the conserved charges. A generalization of the approach to…
We study the relation between emergent 1-form symmetries and soft photon theorems in QED. We show that in the relevant massive and massless kinematic regimes, described respectively by HQET and SCET, the soft sector admits electric and…
We consider the loop quantization of Maxwell theory. A quantization of this type leads to a quantum theory in which the fundamental excitations are loop-like rather than particle-like. Each such loop plays the role of a quantized Faraday's…
In the framework of Standard Model for the arbitrary values of Higgs and fermions fields hypercharges, taking into account parity invariance of electromagnetic interaction, expressions for the fermions charges, testifying the electric…
Experimentally it has been known for a long time that the electric charges of the observed particles appear to be quantized. An approach to understanding electric charge quantization that can be used for gauge theories with explicit $U(1)$…
In this work we modify the wave-corpuscle mechanics for elementary charges introduced by us recently. This modification is designed to better describe electromagnetic (EM) phenomena at atomic scales. It includes a modification of the…
The low-energy effective field theory is constructed by integrating out Standard Model states with masses proximate to the electroweak scale. We report the equations of motion for this theory, including corrections due to higher dimensional…
We present a formulation of Quantum Electrodynamics in terms of an antisymmetric tensor gauge field. In this formulation the topological current of this field appears as a source for the electromagnetic field and the topological charge…
A Lagrangian formulation is given extending to N = 1 supersymmetry the motion of a charged point particle with spin in a non-abelian external field. The classical formulation is constructed for any external static non-abelian SU(N) gauge…
By requiring the linear differential operator in Newton's law of motion to be self adjoint, we obtain the field equation for the linear theory, which is the classical electrodynamics. In the process, we are also led to a fundamental…
This work deals with an Abelian gauge field in the presence of an electric charge immersed in a medium controlled by neutral scalar fields, which interact with the gauge field through a generalized dielectric function. We develop an…